and I shouldn’t even be here now. We have an art trip in France beginning in a couple of days’ time. Bottom line is, apart from Maurice’s twenty-minute tour and Dad on the phone, when he was mostly telling me off for getting a flight here without telling him, I have just about no idea what’s happening.’ She took another swig. ‘Well?’
Jeremy glanced at her. ‘You haven’t heard it yet?’
‘Dad said to get Professor Dillen to tell me.’
‘You won’t believe it. It’s just about the greatest clue to treasure ever found,’ Jeremy said.
Dillen took a deep breath, his eyes gleaming. ‘It’s been a truly remarkable find. The most important of my entire career.’ He paused. ‘As well as the Iliad and the Odyssey, there’s a mass of fragments known as the Trojan epic cycle, poems that purport to fill the gaps in the story of the Trojan War. Most date from the Hellenistic and Roman period and are edited compilations of fragments, some perhaps genuine Homer, some by lesser poets attempting to emulate him. Some of the most famous stories of the Trojan War are known mainly this way, such as the Trojan Horse. One of those poems is called the Ilioupersis, “The Destruction of Troy”. Before now, only a few fragments of that survived, and only a few scholars thought it was by Homer.’
‘And now?’ Rebecca said.
‘And now we have the genuine Ilioupersis, a complete poem of very early date that may have been deliberately concealed, and is now revealed for the first time since the Dark Age that followed the Trojan War.’
‘It was found three months ago,’ Jeremy said to Rebecca. ‘Maria and I were back in Herculaneum to work on the final clearance of the ancient Roman library. The archaeological superintendency are now planning to shore it up and make the tunnel accessible to the general public, who’ll be able to look through a glass front right into the Emperor Claudius’ secret study itself.’
‘That was my mother’s job in the superintendency, to oversee the villa,’ Rebecca said quietly. ‘That’s the last time she and Dad spoke, when he saw her in the excavation, the day before the Mafia took her. Her own family. Her brothers and uncles.’
Dillen put a hand on hers. ‘You have a new family now.’
Rebecca gave him a fathomless look, and then stared intensely at Jeremy. ‘So it was you who actually found the text?’
‘Glued into the back of one of Claudius’ notebooks, a collection of material we think he’d been planning to use in his huge History of Rome, for a volume on the founding of the city. It was with material related to the Trojan hero Aeneas and the exodus of survivors from Troy, really fascinating stuff that seems to prove that Rome really was founded by Trojan warriors fleeing west. These pages, the Ilioupersis, were actually part of a very old text of Book 12 of the Odyssey. They were recycled, a palimpsest, evidently at a time when papyrus was scarce, before the classical era. Maria spotted the faded ink underneath the Odyssey text and we took the pages for an X-ray spectrometry scan, which revealed about three hundred lines. There’s little doubt it’s the entire poem, as it ends mid-page. The lab is refining the scan line by line, and as each few lines are finished I’m sending them to James for translation. I’ve got some more for him with me.’
Dillen pulled an iPod from his pocket, clicked it and then passed it to Rebecca. ‘That’s only a small fragment of it, but you can see the letters. They’re separately spaced, careful, a little awkward, as if the scribe is not entirely familiar with the symbols, at pains to get it right. You see the letter A? It’s sideways, toppled over. That’s what really excited me. It’s the Phoenician letter A, the way it looked in the earliest version of the alphabet adopted by the Greeks. Archaeologists have found a few potsherds from the Greek Dark Age scratched with letters like this, but no other actual script of Greek this early.’
‘So what’s the date of the text?’
‘The iambic hexameter is Homeric in form, and that makes it at least eighth century BC. But I’ve always argued that the hexameter is much older than that, as old as the early Bronze Age, from the time of the first epic bards. The bards continued to use it through to the dawn of the classical era, when people began to write it down. Add to that the Phoenician letters, and we may be looking at something incredibly early.’
‘Dad says you’ve always thought Homer was earlier than the eighth century.’
Dillen nodded. ‘I believe there was indeed a Homer who wrote down the Iliad and the Odyssey as we have them. I say a Homer, not the Homer. I see Homer not as one genius, but as one in a line of gifted poets – consistently, extraordinarily gifted – who shaped and transmitted the poems, a lineage that may have ended about the eighth century BC with the advent of wider literacy and the demise of the bardic tradition, so that those later poets who emulated Homer had none of that spark. I see the Homeric bards, the earlier ones, almost as shamans or seers, maybe as a family line, possibly both men and women, with an inherited poetic genius nurtured from childhood. There are plenty of parallels in the bardic traditions of other cultures.’
‘The Trojan War took place about 1200 BC,’ Jeremy said, staring pensively at the arrows. ‘Civilization out here pretty well collapses. Invaders sweep down from the north. It’s a dark age, a time of destruction and hopelessness unparalleled in history. But then small communities hidden away in mountain refuges begin to rebuild. Iron technology takes over. The survivors pull away from the brink, and the classical age dawns. So where does this poem fit in to all that?’
Dillen replied quietly. ‘All of my instinct puts this text no later than 1000 BC. It may even be a century earlier. I can barely believe I’m suggesting it, but this text could have been written by a bard who actually witnessed the fall of Troy, who actually saw those arrows being fired, who felt the heat of that beacon fire burning into the night sky, above these very ramparts where we are now.’
Rebecca whistled, then looked at the bronze arrowheads embedded in the trench, and at the solidified mass of ash. ‘That’s awesome. Seriously awesome.’
‘And that,’ Jeremy announced, ‘is also a triumph of textual scholarship, because our radiocarbon result for the papyrus has just come through.’ He had been quickly checking his BlackBerry, and passed it to Dillen, who read the screen and broke into a smile. Jeremy turned to Rebecca. ‘The problem was getting a sample of the papyrus that wasn’t impregnated with later ink and glue from when it was reused, but the IMU dating lab seem to have done it.’
Dillen handed back the BlackBerry. His voice was quavering. ‘Eleven fifty BC, plus or minus seventy-five years. I knew it. I just knew I was reading poetry written in the Bronze Age.’
‘That’s so cool,’ Rebecca said, putting her hand on his shoulder. ‘Remember when you were my age, dreaming of finding something like that.’
Dillen looked at her, his eyes welling up. ‘I’m always that age. It’s what I told your dad. Never give up on those dreams.’
‘And one day they may come true,’ Rebecca said, leaning over and kissing him gently on the forehead.
‘One question,’ Jeremy said, putting away his BlackBerry. ‘The Ilioupersis. The destruction of Troy. That’s the biggest event in the whole Trojan epic cycle. Why do we only now have this text? Why is the destruction only hinted at in the Iliad and the Odyssey?’
Dillen took off his glasses and wiped his eyes, then put them back on again, swallowed hard and looked at Jeremy. ‘The Trojan cycle represents the end of the bardic tradition,’ he said. ‘It’s art mirroring history, myth mirroring reality. Before the Trojan War, the Bronze Age was a world of heroes and demigods, a world ruled by the gods, always fickle, often cruel, where contests between men were the contests of heroes, not the wholesale carnage of war. Epic poetry grew up around those contests: violent, bloody for sure, but noble and thrilling, part of everyday life. They existed in a world of peace and stability that allowed civilization to flourish, that didn’t eclipse it. But then something happened. Something calamitous, which overturned that world. The ambition of one man, perhaps, one king. The age of heroes and gods gave way to the age of men. Duels between heroes gave way to total war.’
‘And nobody wanted to hear about that,’ Rebecca murmured. ‘Not a good fireside story.’
Dillen stared at the fresco. ‘People seated at the feet of a bard want to hear an uplifting story. They want to hear about noble deeds, about chivalry, about violence and cruelty to be sure, but not about apocalypse. So the Iliad is about the time before darkness swept over the plain of Ilion, when the war was still a contest of heroes: Achilles and Hector, Ajax and Telemachus. But Homer knew of coming darkness. He knew what men could do. He hints at it, in the Iliad. And the audience knew. They had been part of it, the survivors, their parents, their grandparents. It was an unspoken truth, a common experience of all humanity, like the Holocaust.’
‘Maybe the truth was just too awful to contemplate,’ Rebecca said. ‘Maybe Homer was a seer, just as you said. Maybe he gazed over the Dardanelles and somehow saw the future horrors of war, that mankind would go to
