The Power of Habit – Why We Do What We Do in Life and Business

Relationship Between Social Ties and Activism.”

[236] participated in Freedom Summer In a fact-checking email, McAdam provided a few details about the study’s genesis: “My initial interest was in trying to understand the links between the civil rights movement and the other early new left movements, specifically the student movement, the anti-war movement, and women’s liberation movement. It was only after I found the applications and realized that some were from volunteers and others from ‘no shows’ that I got interested in explaining (a) why some made it to Mississippi and others didn’t, and (b) the longer term impact of going/not-going on the two groups.”

[237] impossible for them to withdraw In another fact-checking email, McAdam wrote: “For me the significance of the organizational ties is not that they make it ‘impossible’ for the volunteer to withdraw, but that they insure that the applicant will likely receive lots of support for the link between the salient identity in question (i.e., Christian) and participation in the summer project. As I noted in [an article] ‘it is a strong subjective identification with a particular identity, reinforced by organizational ties that is especially likely to encourage participation.’ ”

[238] “getting together there without you” Tom Mathews and Roy Wilkins, Standing Fast: The Autobiography of Roy Wilkins (Cambridge, Mass.: Da Capo, 1994).

[239] “boycott of city buses Monday” Branch, Parting the Waters.

[240] “singing out, ‘No riders today’ ” King, Stride Toward Freedom; James M. Washington, A Testament of Hope: The Essential Writings and Speeches of Martin Luther King, Jr. (New York: HarperCollins, 1990).

[241] was in doubt King, Stride Toward Freedom.

[242] drawing circles around major U.S. cities For understanding Pastor Warren’s story, I am indebted to Rick Warren, Glenn Kruen, Steve Gladen, Jeff Sheler, Anne Krumm, and the following books: Jeffrey Sheler, Prophet of Purpose: The Life of Rick Warren (New York: Doubleday, 2009); Rick Warren, The Purpose-Driven Church (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan, 1995); and the following articles: Barbara Bradley, “Marketing That New-Time Religion,” Los Angeles Times, December 10, 1995; John Wilson, “Not Just Another Mega Church,” Christianity Today, December 4, 2000; “Therapy of the Masses,” The Economist, November 6, 2003; “The Glue of Society,” The Economist, July 14, 2005; Malcolm Gladwell, “The Cellular Church,” The New Yorker, September 12, 2005; Alex MacLeod, “Rick Warren: A Heart for the Poor,” Presbyterian Record, January 1, 2008; Andrew, Ann, and John Kuzma, “How Religion Has Embraced Marketing and the Implications for Business,” Journal of Management and Marketing Research 2 (2009): 1-10.

[243] “our destination was a settled issue” Warren, Purpose-Driven Church.

[244] “any chance of liberating multitudes” Donald McGavran, The Bridges of God (New York: Friendship Press, 1955). Italics added.

[245] “How to Survive Under Stress” Sheler, Prophet of Purpose.

[246] “I’m going to have to sit down” In a fact-checking email a Saddleback spokesperson, provided additional details: “Rick suffers from a brain chemistry disorder that makes him allergic to adrenaline. This genetic problem resists medication and makes public speaking painful, with blurred vision, headaches, hot flashes, and panic. Symptoms usually last around fifteen minutes; by that time, enough adrenaline is expended so the body can return to normal function. (His adrenaline rushes, like any speaker might experience, whenever he gets up to preach.) Pastor Rick says this weakness keeps him dependent on God.”

[247] “habits that will help you grow” Discovering Spiritual Maturity, Class 201, published by Saddleback Church, http://www.saddlebackresources.com/CLASS- 201-Discovering-Spiritual-Maturity-Complete-Kit-Download-P3532.aspx.

[248] “we just… get out of your way” In a fact-checking email a Saddleback spokesperson said that while an important tenet of Saddleback is teaching people to guide themselves, “this implies that each person can go in any direction they choose. Biblical principles/guidelines have a clear direction. The goal of small group study is to teach people the spiritual disciplines of faith and everyday habits that can be applied to daily life.”

[249] “community to continue the struggle” Martin Luther King, Jr., The Autobiography of Martin Luther King, Jr., ed. Clayborne Carson (New York: Grand Central, 2001).

[250] “shall perish by the sword” Carson; King,

[251] segregation law violated the Constitution Browder v. Gayle, 352 U.S. 903 (1956).

[252] and sat in the front Washington, Testament of Hope.

[253] “glad to have you” Kirk, Martin Luther King,