The Rise of Rome

Strabo,

Geographica

(

The Geography

)

Suet Caes

Suetonius (Gaius Suetonius Tranqillus),

Life of Julius Caesar

Suet Tib

Suetonius (Gaius Suetonius Tranqillus),

Life of Tiberius

(

de vita Caesarum, The Twelve Caesars

—lit., “On the Life of the Caesars”)

Tac Hist

Tacitus, Publius (or Gaius) Cornelius,

Historiae

(

Histories

)

Ter Ad

Terence (Publius Terentius Afer),

Adelphi

(The Brothers)

Ter Hec

Terence (Publius Terentius Afer),

Hecyra

(

The Mother-in-Law

)

Theo

Theophrastus,

De Causis Plantarum

(

On the Origins of Plants

)

Val Max

Valerius Maximus,

Factorum et dictorum memorabilium

(

Memorable Acts and Sayings

)

Var Ling Lat

Varro, Marcus Terentius,

De lingua Latina

Var Rust

Varro, Marcus Terentius,

De re rustica

Virg Aen

Virgil (Publius Vergilius Maro),

Aeneid

Virg Geo

Virgil (Publius Vergilius Maro),

Georgica

(Georgics)

Zon

Zonaras, John,

Extracts of History

(Cassius Dio epitomes)

Dedication, this page: Translation of “La Trebbia”

The dawn of an ill-omened day has whitened the heights. The camp awakes. Below, the river swirls and roars where a squadron of Numidian light cavalry waters its horses. Everywhere sounds the clear call of Roman buglers, for in spite of Scipio’s disapproval, the lying auguries, the Trebbia in flood, the wind and the rain, Consul Sempronius, new to office and vainglorious, has ordered the symbols of his authority, the bundled axe and rods or fasces, to be raised and his state attendants to advance.

On the horizon, Gallic villages were on fire, reddening the dark sky with baleful bursts of flame. In the distance the trumpeting of elephants could be heard, and there, under a bridge, leaning with his back against an arch, Hannibal was listening, thoughtful and exultant, to the muffled tread of legions on the march.