Two
I
'The periphrastic 'do' was a superfluous tense-carrier,' said Adrian. 'Semantically empty yet widely used. The major theories of the origin of the periphrastic 'do' are three: One) It was derived from the influence of the corresponding use of 'faire' in French. Two) It developed out of the Old English causative 'do'. Three) It derived from semantic development of the full factitive verb 'do'. An examination of these three theories should tell us much about alternative approaches to diachronic syntax and generative grammar.'
He looked across to the sofa. Trefusis was lying on his back, an overflowing ashtray on his chest, lightweight earphones around his neck and a square of mauve silk over his face, through which he managed to smoke. If it weren't for the rise and fall of the ashtray and the clouds of smoke weaving through the silk, Adrian might have thought him dead. He hoped not, this was a good essay he was reading out and he had taken a lot of trouble over it.
Friends had warned against the Philology option.
'You'll get Craddock, who's useless,' they said. 'Trefusis only teaches research students and a few select undergraduates. Do the American paper like everyone else.'
But Trefusis had consented to see him.
'The Early Middle English periphrastic 'do' could occur after modals and 'have' + past participle. It was essentially a second position non-modal operator mutually exclusive with 'be' + past participle and incompatible with a passive format. As late as eighteen-eighteen some grammarians wrote that it was a standard alternate to the simple form, but others denounced its use in any but empathic, interrogative and negative sentences. By the mid-eighteenth century it was obsolete.'
Adrian looked up from his sheaf of papers. A brown stain was forming in Trefusis's handkerchief, as the silk filtered the smoke.
'Um . . . that's it . . .'
Silence from the sofa. Far away all the bells of Cambridge began to chime the hour.
'Professor Trefusis?'
He couldn't have slept through an essay of that quality, surely? Adrian cleared his throat
'Professor Trefusis?'
From under the handkerchief came a sigh.
'So.'
Adrian wiped the palms of his hands on his knees.
'Was it all right?' he asked.
'Well constructed, well researched, well supported, well argued . . .'
'Oh. Thank you.'
'Original, concise, thoughtful, perceptive, incisive, illuminating, cogent, lucid, compelling, charmingly read . . .'
'Er-good.'
'I should imagine,' said Trefusis, 'that it must have taken you almost an hour to copy out.'
'Sorry?'