The Siege

2

Karin Junker, The Child in the Glass Ball, Abingdon Press, 1964.

3

Therapists in California are having their first success in dealing with severely autistic children by treatment in which violence and punishment play an important part. See Life, 7 May 1965, for an account of the work of Dr Ivoar Lovaas.

4

Those who take the trouble to compare the recent edition of The Pocket Book of Baby and Child Care with the first one will discover that Dr Spock has revolutionized his revolution.

5

‘Joey, a Mechanical Boy’, Scientific American, March 1959. Dr Bettelheim describes Joey at even greater length in The Empty Fortress (Free Press, 1967), where his impressive recovery is presented as typical of the possibilities for autistic children.

6

Morrow and Loomis, describing a psychotic child (in many ways similar to Elly) remembered by its parents as an infant who was ‘not demanding’, add that ‘one may assume that this recollection reflects the likelihood that his demands were not appropriately met. By excessive anticipation of his needs, the parents denied him the right to demand.’ (‘Symbiotic Aspects of a Seven-Year-Old Psychotic’, in Gerald Caplan, editor, Emotional Problems of Early Childhood, Basic Books, 1955.) 

7

Letter, Scientific American, May 1959.

8

Intensive Study and Treatment of Pre-school Children Who Show Marked Personality Deviations, or “Atypical Development”, and their Parents’, in Caplan, op. cit.

9

‘Early Ego Failure: Jean’, in Childhood and Society, W. W. Norton, 1950, pp. 1971 Jean sounds extraordinarily like a case of Kanner’s syndrome. She responded fitfully to Erikson’s therapy but did not recover.

10

Kanner and L. Eisenberg, ‘Notes on the Follow-up Studies of Autistic Children’, in Psychopathology of Childhood, P. H. Hoch and J. Zubin, editors, Grune & Stratton, 1955.

11

Rank, op. cit.

12

Elly’s father adds: ‘A museum was a natural choice. An artist communicates with us, even over time, by being very careful and loving and honest, by revealing all he knows.’

13

Kanner and Eisenberg, op. cit.

14

Virginia Axline, Dibs, In Search of Self, Houghton Mifflin, 1965, also Penguin, 1972.

15