Winter King: Henry VII and the Dawn of Tudor England

35. Elton, ‘Henry VII: A Restatement’, pp. 20–22.

36. LP HVIII, I (i), nos. 309, 310, 312, 18 July; see also Richardson, ‘Surveyor of the King’s Prerogative’, pp. 74–5; Starkey, ‘Court and Government’, pp. 48–50; Third Report of the Deputy Keeper, pp. 226–8; Gunn, ‘The Accession of Henry VIII’, pp. 285–6.

37. Gunn, ‘Survival Strategies’, pp. 6–7; Anglo, ‘Ill of the Dead’, p. 31; GC, pp. 338–9.

38. ‘The Petition of Edmund Dudley, pp. 87–90; WAM 12249.

39. ‘The Petition of Edmund Dudley’, p. 87.

40. ‘The Petition of Edmund Dudley’, pp. 85–6.

41. TNA E 154/2/17; LP HVIII, I (i), no. 218/13.

42. Wolffe, Crown Lands, no. 18, pp. 162–3; Wolffe makes this point in ibid., p. 85; see also Elton, ‘Henry VII: A Restatement’, p. 23.

43. Fortescue, On the laws and governance of England, pp. xxxv, 121; Richardson, Tudor Chamber Administration, pp. 164, 184.

44. Grummitt, ‘Henry VII, Chamber Finance and the “New Monarchy” ’, pp. 240–43; Horowitz, ‘Policy and Prosecution’, pp. 448–52; BL Add. MS 21481, ff. 289–305v, 318–352v; Cavill, ‘Debate and Dissent’, pp. 173–4; Gunn, Early Tudor Government, p. 170.

45. Wolffe, Crown Lands, nos. 18–20, pp. 162–70, no. 22, p. 180; Starkey, ‘Court and Government’, pp. 29, 37, 48–50; Elton, ‘Henry VII: A Restatement’, p. 23.

46. TNA C 82/343/1/615; GC, p. 365.

47. LP HVIII, I (i), nos. 559, 381/6, 52; Gunn, ‘Structures of Politics’, p. 78; Gunn, ‘Edmund Dudley and the Church’, p. 524, citing TNA C 1/303/62.

48. GC, p. 366.

49. Stapleton, The Life of Sir Thomas More, p. 25.

50. Dudley, Tree of Commonwealth, p. 33.

EPILOOGUE

1. Dudley, Tree of Commonwealth, passim.

2. Howard Leithead, ‘Cromwell, Thomas, earl of Essex (b. in or before 1485, d. 1540)’, ODNB; Gunn, Early Tudor Government, pp. 56–7, 149–51; Horowitz, ‘Policy and Prosecution’, pp. 451–2.

3. LP HVIII, I (ii), nos. 2947, 3004, 3029, 3129, 3165, 3240; Hall, Chronicle, p. 569.

4. Cecil H. Clough, ‘Gigli, Silvestro (1463–1521)’, ODNB.

5. Sicca, ‘Pawns of International Finance and Politics’, passim; Lindley, ‘ “The singular mediacion and prayers” ’, pp. 268–74; Wooding, Henry VIII, p. 279.

6. Bacon, History of the Reign of King Henry VII, p. 3.

Acknowledgements

I have met with a great deal of kindness and generosity in the course of writing this book. Staff at the British Library, The National Archives, Cambridge University Library and the Bodleian Library have all dealt with my enquiries with patience and helpfulness. Christine Reynolds facilitated my visits to Westminster Abbey Muniments, while Malcolm Underwood’s hospitality and erudition made my time in the archives at St John’s College, Cambridge a pleasure.

Margaret Condon, Cliff Davies, John Watts, Adrian Ailes and Samantha Harper have all been generous with their time, and in sharing information and documents.

I am particularly indebted to those who have read though drafts of part or all of the book: Diarmaid MacCulloch and Carl Watkins; Steven Gunn, who also kindly allowed me to look at an early chapter of his forthcoming book on Henry VII’s new men; Sean Cunningham and James Ross, who have both been great funds of encouragement and insight; and Rosemary Horrox, whose discernment and attentiveness I have been fortunate enough to enjoy a second time.

I am lucky in the friendship of Michael Peel, Jon Butler, Ed, Linda and Tom Harvey, and John Berger. Thanks, too, are due to Tariq Ali, Perry Anderson, and colleagues at Verso: Jacob Stevens, Rowan Wilson, Bob Bhamra, Tania Palmieri, Tamar Shlaim, Sarah Shin and Anwar Fazul.

My thanks to all at Penguin, in particular Simon Winder for his perceptive editing and enthusiastic support; I am also grateful to Jenny Fry, Natalie Ramm, Marina Kemp and Richard Duguid. Charlotte Ridings has been a painstaking copy-editor. I would also like to thank Bob Bender at Simon and Schuster US and, at Aitken Alexander, Anna Stein and especially Andrew Kidd, who has been a source of calm advice, reassurance and friendship throughout.

Lastly, I owe more than I can say to my parents, Alan and Jessica; and to Kate Harvey, without whose love and support I could not have written this book.

ALLEN LANE

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First published 2011

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ISBN: 978-1-84-614509-4