documents held by the National Archives had been reviewed for release as of February 2011. Of the documents reviewed, 15 percent remain classified, largely under national security and privacy restrictions. The remaining 20 percent, some 300,000 documents, are available to researchers.
Part I: ATTACK
CHAPTER 1
1
recognized:
Martin Gilbert,
, London: Black Swan, 1999, 189;
2
day in 1938:
Robert Lacey,
, NY: Avon, 1983, 262;
3
40,000 planes:
Jane Garvey testimony,
1/27/04, CO;
4
Rosenzweig/?Mladenik/?Gordenstein/?Theodoridis/?Iskandar/?Filipov:
“DOJ Documents Requests #35–13,” B13, T7, CF, “AAL Misc. Folder—AA11 and AA77,” B18, T7, CF;
5
Cuccinello:
eds.
magazine,
, NY: St. Martin’s, 2001, 37;
6
Gay:
AP, 9/25/01, Raytheon press release, 9/10/07;
7
Morabito:
(Syracuse, NY), 10/20/07;
8
Berenson:
Richard Bernstein,
, NY: Times Books, 2002, 171;
9
Angell:
, 5/17/04;
10 Lewin:
11 five young men:
12 Ogonowski: Bernstein, 110–, James Ogonowski remarks at Safety Awards Banquet, 9/11/02, “Ogonowski Legacy,” Public Radio International, 9/13/02.
13 5:00 A.M.: Unless otherwise indicated, all times in this book are rendered as the times in use by civilians on the U.S. East Coast on the day in question (i.e., EDT)—as opposed to the times used by the military or the aviation industry, or in other time zones;
14 McGuinness: website of Cheryl McGuinness (widow), www.beautybeyondtheashes.com;
15 “turn-around”: MFR 04016228, 2/10/04;
16 take off due: CR, 2;
17 cleaners/fuelers: “FBI 302s of Interest Flight 11,” B17, T7, CF, “FBI 302s Arestegui,” B10, T7, CF;
18 flight attendants: “FBI 302s Homer Folder re Kathleen Nicosia,” B10, T7, CF;
19 “organized”:
20 backup: “FBI 302s Arestegui,” B10, T7, CF;
21 joked:
22 sick/standby: “FBI 302s Arestegui,” B10, T7, CF;
23 odd incident: Staff Report, “The Four Flights and Civil Aviation Security,” note 22, CF, MFR 04020636, 2/2/04, MFR 03007050, 8/15/03,
24 Filipov/?“suspicious”: “DOJ Documents Requests 35–13,” B13, T7, CF;
25 Howland: “FBI 302s Cockpit and American and Hijacker,” B11, T7, CF;
26 profiling system: CR 4, MFR 04018154, 11/24/03, Staff Report, “The Four Flights and Civil Aviation Security,” 2, 77, CF, John Raidt comments, 1/27/04, CO;
27 crutch:
28 “sweating bullets”:
29 last to board: MFR 04020636, 2/2/04;
30 greeted by Martin/final checks: “FBI 302s Arestegui,” B10, T7, CF;
31 seating: CR, 2,
32 Sweeney call:
33 switch off phones: “FBI 302s Arestegui,” B10, T7, CF;
34 pushed back/takeoff: Joseph Gregor, “Air Traffic Control Recording,” NTSB, 12/21/01, CR, 2, 4;
35 “severe clear”: Lynn Spencer,
36 air-to-ground exchanges: Gregor, 2–, & see FAA Memo, Full Transcript: Aircraft Accident AA11, New York, NY, 9/11/01, “Boston Center, Shirley Kula,” B3, T8, CF;
37 “a brief unknown sound”: “Summary of Air Traffic Hijack Events, Sept. 11, 2001, FAA,” Report on Investigation of 9/11 Commission Staff Referral, Dept. of Transportation, Office of Inspector General, Appendix 3;
38 Ong to Reservations: quotes attributed to Ong & nature of her call come from FBI 302 of Vanessa Minter, 9/12/01, FBI 302 of Craig Marquis, 9/16/01, & “Charlotte to Director,” FBI 265D- NY-280350-CE, 9/13/01, “Flight Call Notes,” & Transcript of 9/11 Telephone Calls, “AA Phone Calls,” B13, T7, CF, FBI 302 of Nydia Gonzalez, 9/12/01, “FBI 302s—Knife and American Flight 11,” B11, T7, CF, FBI 302 of Winston Sadler, 9/13/01, INTELWIRE, Nydia Gonzalez testimony, 1/27/04, CO.
39 “sterile cockpit”: The interjection appears on the transcript but is only partially audible on the tape version as heard by the authors;
40 Lewin dead?: Lewin was an American-Israeli citizen who as “Daniel Levin” had served in the Israel Defense Forces as a member of Sayeret Matkal—in its Unit 269, which specializes in counterterrorism (FBI 302 of Anne Lewin, 9/21/01, “Flight Calls Notes,” B13, T7, CF, UPI, 3/6/02, ints. Tom Leighton, Marco
