5. Pervii Vsesoiuznyi s’ezd sovetskikh pisatelei. Stenograficheskii otchet [First all- Union congress of Soviet writers: stenographic transcript] (Moscow, 1934), p. 10.
6. A. Lunacharsky, Iskusstvo kak vid chelovecheskogo povedeniia [Art as an aspect of human behavior] (Moscow, 1931), p. 15.
7. Antonina Pirozhkova, Sem’ let s Babelem [Seven years with Babel] (New York, 2001), p. 46.
8. Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, Publitsistika [Articles], in three volumes, vol. 2 (Yaroslavl, 1996), p. 186.
9. Quoted in: Valentin Osipov, Tainaia zhizn’ Mikhaila Sholokhova…Dokumental’naia khronika bez legend [The secret life of Mikhail Sholokhov…documentary chronicle without legends] (Moscow, 1995), p. 40.
10. For more on Sholokhov’s recollection of meeting Stalin, see: Osipov, Tainaia zhizn’, pp. 38–40; Ivan Zhukov, Ruka sud’by. Pravda i lozh’o Mikhaile Sholokhove i Aleksandre Fadeeve [Hand of fate: the truth and the lies about Mikhail Sholokhov and Alexander Fadeyev] (Moscow, 1994), p. 224.
11. Quoted in: Osipov, Tainaia zhizn’, p. 224.
12. Pisatel’ i vozhd’. Perepiska M. A. Sholokhova s I. V. Stalinym. 1931–1950 gody. Sbornik dokumentov iz lichnogo arkhiva I. V. Stalina [Writer and leader: correspondence between M. A. Sholokhov and I.V. Stalin, 1931–1950. Collection of documents from Stalin’s personal archives] (Moscow, 1997), p. 17.
13. This and subsequent quotations from Sholokhov’s letters from Pisatel’ i vozhd’, pp. 24, 29, 49, 58, 68, 102–103.
14. Lili Brik in conversation with the author; Nadezhda Mandelstam, Vospominaniia, p. 342.
15. See B. V. Sokolov, Narkomy strakha [People’s commissars of fear] (Moscow, 2001), p. 107.
16. Quoted in: Vitalii Shentalinskii, Donos na Sokrata [Denunciation of Socrates] (Moscow, 2001), p. 422.
17. Mikhail Romm, Kak v kino. Ustnye rasskazy [Like in the movies: oral tales] (Nizhny Novgorod, 2003), p. 136.
18. See Istochnik, 5 (1995), pp. 156–158.
19. See Znamia, 12 (1996), p. 164.
Chapter Eight
1. Pasternak, Vozdushnye puti, p. 452.
2. Ibid.
3. Georgii Efron, Dnevniki [Diaries], in two volumes, vol. 1 (Moscow, 2004), pp. 179–180.
4. Quoted in: Irma Kudrova, Gibel’ Mariny Tsvetaevoi [Death of Marina Tsvetayeva] (Moscow, 1995), p. 269.
5. Shentalinskii, Donos na Sokrata, p. 276.
6. Quoted in: Kudrova, Gibel’Tsvetaevoi, p. 276.
7. Georgii Adamovich, Somneniia i nadezhdy [Doubts and hopes] (Moscow, 2002), p. 311.
8. Quoted in: Kudrova, Gibel’Tsvetaevoi, p. 258.
9. Efron, Dnevniki, vol. 2, pp. 51–52.
10. Ibid., p. 109.
11. Pavel Filonov, Dnevnik [Diary] (St. Petersburg, 2000), p. 343.
12. Ibid., pp. 316–317.
13. Ibid., p. 310.
14. Quoted in: Ales Adamovich and Daniil Granin, Blokadnaia kniga [Blockade book] (Leningrad, 1989), pp. 32–33.
15. Panorama iskusstv, issue 11 (Moscow, 1988), p. 125.
16. Ehrenburg, Ludi, gody, zhizn’, vol. 2, p. 242.
17. Joseph Brodsky in conversation with the author.
18. Literaturnoe nasledstvo, vol. 70, p. 313.
19. Vlast’ i khudozhestvennaia intelligentsia, p. 150.
20. For Sutyrin’s recollections, see Andrei Platonov: Vospominaniia sovremennikov. Materialy k biografii [Andrei Platonov: reminiscences of contemporaries. Materials for a biography] (Moscow, 1994), pp. 270–271.
21. Shentalinskii, Raby svobody, pp. 283–284.
22. Ibid., p. 293.
