“The Battle Hymn of the Republic”
by Julia Ward Howe, 1861
THE END
In Appreciation
My thanks go to Debbie Styne, Mary Anne Mushatt, and Ellen Pickels, who worked endless hours editing this work.
To Abigail Reynolds, for all her advice and support.
To all the members of the JA Internet Community, who encouraged me to try to get this published.
I could not have done it without all of you.
About the Author
Jack Caldwell, a native of Louisiana living in Wisconsin, is an economic developer by trade. Mr. Caldwell has been an amateur history buff and a fan of Miss Austen for many years.
Примечания
1
A fortification that has two projecting faces and two parallel flanks.
2
Joseph Mallord William Turner (23 April 1775–19 December 1851) was an English Romantic landscape painter, watercolorist, and printmaker, whose style can be said to have laid the foundation for Impressionism. Although Turner was considered a controversial figure in his day, he is now regarded as the artist who elevated landscape painting to an eminence rivaling history painting.
3
“I’ve seen the elephant” was a term used by Civil War soldiers in letters and diaries to describe the experiences of undergoing battle during wartime.
4
Camp Douglas POW camp was real and has been referred to as the “Andersonville of the North,” Andersonville being the infamous Confederate POW camp whose commandant was executed by the U.S. Government for war crimes. It is difficult to know how many men died at Camp Douglas, as many records were hidden or destroyed by the camp officials. Camp Campbell is fictitious.
5
Morgan’s Raid, or The Calico Raid, June 11–July 26, 1863, was a highly publicized 1,000-mile incursion by 2,400 Confederate cavalry into the Northern states of Indiana and Ohio during the Civil War and was one of the northernmost military actions involving the Confederate States Army.
6
During the Civil War, partisans from Kansas and Missouri were engaged in violent guerrilla warfare between the “Jayhawkers” or “Redlegs” from Kansas and “bushwhackers” or “partisan rangers” from Missouri. The roots of the fighting came from the Border War (“Bleeding Kansas”) between pro-slavery “Border Ruffians” and “Free-State” abolitionists that preceded the Civil War.
Both sides participated in atrocities. On the Jayhawk side, U.S. Senator James H. Lane sacked Osceola, Missouri, killing nine men, while Charles “Doc” Jennison was distinguished by his blatant plunder for personal gain. On the Missouri side, William Clarke Quantrill carried out the raid on Lawrence, Kansas, while William T. “Bloody Bill” Anderson and his men usually shot their prisoners and often mutilated and scalped the dead.
At first rejected by both the U.S. and Confederate governments, as the war dragged on, both sides made the guerrillas somewhat “respectable” by offering commissions in the volunteer forces. However, while Jayhawkers occasionally coordinated their activities with regular Union forces, bushwhackers almost always operated outside of the Confederate chain of command.
After the war, some bushwhackers became famous outlaws, such as Jesse and Frank James and the Younger brothers.
Important note: The term “bushwhacker” is also used for guerrillas—both Union and Confederate—in other theaters of the war.
