1016'>* Eventually, after several years of petitioning, the Tsar returned them in 1864. But ot
* Eventually, after several years of petitioning, the Tsar returned them in 1864. But ot
* Eventually, after several years of petitioning, the Tsar returned them in 1864. But ot
dekabristakh: po semeinum vospominaniiam
dissuaded him. He saw the war as a return to the spirit of 1812, and he was convinced that Russ
dissuaded him. He saw the war as a return to the spirit of 1812, and he was convinced that Russ
dissuaded him. He saw the war as a return to the spirit of 1812, and he was convinced that Russ
It was not. Yet Russia’s defeat made more likely Volkonsky’s second hope: the emancipati
It was not. Yet Russia’s defeat made more likely Volkonsky’s second hope: the emancipati
It was not. Yet Russia’s defeat made more likely Volkonsky’s second hope: the emancipati
But there was more than money to the arguments. The Tsar believed that the emancipation w
But there was more than money to the arguments. The Tsar believed that the emancipation w
But there was more than money to the arguments. The Tsar believed that the emancipation w
* Under the terms of emancipation the peasants were obliged to pay redemption dues on t
* Under the terms of emancipation the peasants were obliged to pay redemption dues on t
* Under the terms of emancipation the peasants were obliged to pay redemption dues on t
tion of justice… a moral and a Christian obligation, for every citizen who loves his Fat
tion of justice… a moral and a Christian obligation, for every citizen who loves his Fat
tion of justice… a moral and a Christian obligation, for every citizen who loves his Fat
In 1858 the Tsar appointed a special commission to formulate proposals for the emanci
In 1858 the Tsar appointed a special commission to formulate proposals for the emanci
In 1858 the Tsar appointed a special commission to formulate proposals for the emanci
In the end the diehard gentry was defeated and the moderate reformists got their way, thank
In the end the diehard gentry was defeated and the moderate reformists got their way, thank
In the end the diehard gentry was defeated and the moderate reformists got their way, thank
that nearly all the land was transferred to the peasants, there remained a shortage of agr
that nearly all the land was transferred to the peasants, there remained a shortage of agr
that nearly all the land was transferred to the peasants, there remained a shortage of agr
Prince Volkonsky was in Nice when he heard the news of the decree. That evening he attended a
Prince Volkonsky was in Nice when he heard the news of the decree. That evening he attended a
Prince Volkonsky was in Nice when he heard the news of the decree. That evening he attended a
Volkonsky died in 1865 - two years after Maria. His health, weakened in exile, was broken b
Volkonsky died in 1865 - two years after Maria. His health, weakened in exile, was broken b
Volkonsky died in 1865 - two years after Maria. His health, weakened in exile, was broken b
Towards the end of his memoirs Volkonsky wrote a sentence which the censors cut from the firs
Towards the end of his memoirs Volkonsky wrote a sentence which the censors cut from the firs
Towards the end of his memoirs Volkonsky wrote a sentence which the censors cut from the firs
St Basil’s Cathedral, Red Square, Moscow,
St Basil’s Cathedral, Red Square, Moscow,
St Basil’s Cathedral, Red Square, Moscow,
St Basil’s Cathedral, Red Square, Moscow,
during the late nineteenth century
during the late nineteenth century
during the late nineteenth century
during the late nineteenth century
’There it is at last, this famous town,’ Napoleon remarked as he surveyed Moscow from the
’There it is at last, this famous town,’ Napoleon remarked as he surveyed Moscow from the
’There it is at last, this famous town,’ Napoleon remarked as he surveyed Moscow from the
The French found Moscow empty, like a ‘dying queenless hive’.2 The mass exodus had begun in
The French found Moscow empty, like a ‘dying queenless hive’.2 The mass exodus had begun in
The French found Moscow empty, like a ‘dying queenless hive’.2 The mass exodus had begun in
As Napoleon took up residence in the Kremlin palace, incendiaries set fire to the tra
As Napoleon took up residence in the Kremlin palace, incendiaries set fire to the tra
As Napoleon took up residence in the Kremlin palace, incendiaries set fire to the tra
This stricken giant, scorched and blackened, exhaled a horrible stench. Heaps of ashes an
This stricken giant, scorched and blackened, exhaled a horrible stench. Heaps of ashes an
This stricken giant, scorched and blackened, exhaled a horrible stench. Heaps of ashes an
the existence of streets. In the poorer quarters scattered groups of men and women, their
the existence of streets. In the poorer quarters scattered groups of men and women, their
the existence of streets. In the poorer quarters scattered groups of men and women, their
All the city’s churches and palaces were looted, if not already burned. Libraries and ot
All the city’s churches and palaces were looted, if not already burned. Libraries and ot
All the city’s churches and palaces were looted, if not already burned. Libraries and ot
Tolstoy wrote in War and Peace that every Russian felt Moscow to be a mother. There was a sen
Tolstoy wrote in War and Peace that every Russian felt Moscow to be a mother. There was a sen
Tolstoy wrote in War and Peace that every Russian felt Moscow to be a mother. There was a sen
To mark that final victory Ivan IV (‘the Terrible’) ordered the construction of a new cath
To mark that final victory Ivan IV (‘the Terrible’) ordered the construction of a new cath
