The Times, 26 Apr. 1854.
20
C. Bayley, Mercenaries for the Crimean: The German, Swiss, and Italian Legions in British Service 1854–6 (Montreal, 1977), p. 20. On the Irish in the British army, see D. Murphy, Ireland and the Crimean War (Dublin, 2002), pp. 17–25.
21
NAM 1968–07–289 (Raglan to Herbert, 15 May 1854).
22
NAM 1994–01–215 (Bell letter, June 1854).
23
A. Slade, Turkey and the Crimean War: A Narrative of Historical Events (London, 1867), p. 355.
24
NAM 1973–11–170 (Kingscote letter, 29 Apr. 1854, p. 3); Noir, Souvenirs d’un simple zouave, p. 212.
25
J. Howard Harris, Earl of Malmesbury, Memoirs of an Ex-Minister, 2 vols. (London, 1884), vol. 1, p. 412; The Diary and Correspondence of Henry Wellesley, First Lord Cowley, 1790– 1846 (London, 1930), p. 54.
26
Tolstoy’s Letters, vol. 1, pp. 40–41.
27
A. Tiutcheva, Pri dvore dvukh imperatov: Vospominaniia, dnevnik, 1853–1882 (Moscow, 1928–9), p. 195; Akten zur Geschichte des Krimkriegs: Osterreichische Akten zur Geschichte des Krimkriegs, ser. 1, vol. 2 (Munich, 1980), p. 248.
28
Bogdanovich, Vostochnaia voina, vol. 2, pp. 107–8.
29
Jouve, Guerre d’Orient, p. 121; A. Kinglake, The Invasion of the Crimea: Its Origin and an Account of Its Progress down to the Death of Lord Raglan, 8 vols. (London, 1863), vol. 2, p. 56; Guerrin, Histoire de la derniere guerre, vol. 1, pp. 123–5.
30
Jouve, Guerre d’Orient, pp. 108, 116.
31
Tolstoy’s Letters, vol. 1, p. 41.
32
Jouve, Guerre d’Orient, p. 123; Guerrin, Histoire de la derniere guerre, vol. 1, p. 127; FO 195/439, Colquhoun to Clarendon, 13 Aug. 1854.
33
Tarle, Krymskaia voina, vol. 1, pp. 454–5; M. Levin, ‘Krymskaia voina i russkoe obshchestvo’, in id., Ocherki po istorii russkoi obshchestvennoi mysli, vtoraia polovina XIX veka (Leningrad, 1974), pp. 293–304.
34
P. Schroeder, Austria, Great Britain and the Crimean War: The Destruction of the European Concert (Ithaca, NY, 1972), pp. 207–9; R. Florescu, The Struggle against Russia in the Romanian Principalities 1821–1854 (Monachii, 1962), pp. 284–6.
35
La Vicomte de Noe, Les Bachi-Bazouks et les Chasseurs d’Afrique (Paris, 1861), pp. 9–11; Noir, Souvenirs d’un simple zouave, p. 215.
36
Noe, Les Bachi-Bazouks, pp. 34, 38–42, 56–68; J. Reid, ‘Social and Psychological Factors in the Collapse of the Ottoman Empire, 1780–1918’, Journal of Modern Hellenism, 10 (1993), pp. 143–52.
37
C. Mismer, Souvenirs d’un dragon de l’armee de Crimee (Paris, 1887), p. 34; Molenes, Les Commentaires d’un soldat, p. 30; FO 78/1009, Fonblanque to Palmerston, 10 June 1854; C. Hibbert, The Destruction of Lord Raglan: A Tragedy of the Crimean War, 1854– 1855 (London, 1961), p. 164; J. Spilsbury, The Thin Red Line: An Eyewitness History of the Crimean War (London, 2005), p. 26; H. Rappaport, No Place for Ladies: The Untold Story of Women in the Crimean War (London, 2007), pp. 61–2.
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