On the third morning of the witch hunt, the chief of the Special Fraud Office himself, Herbert Crane, OBE, paid a visit to Perkins’s office. He was in his late forties, young to be decorated, but he had distinguished himself in cleaning up the City of London, to the extent that was possible, after the financial meltdown. He had a chip on his shoulder; he didn’t like the world of Mayfair, and he especially didn’t like American interlopers like Thomas Perkins, who had used the relatively relaxed rules of the British financial markets to take risks and cut corners-and bring ruin on themselves and others.
Crane brought with him to the meeting a red-haired Scotsman named Angus Ward, who was his chief forensic accountant. Ward had been combing the files for the previous two days and had the eager, twitchy look of a hunting dog closing in on its prey. The investigators sat on one side of the conference table; Perkins and his lawyer sat on the other. The two British men had three briefcases lined up between them, a veritable archive. They both were leaning forward as if ready to spring.
Perkins and his lawyer were slouched back in their chairs, their body language advertising that they wanted to be anywhere but in this room. Tarullo’s bulky frame and slicked-back hair gave him the look of a lounge singer on a bad night.
The fraud chief turned on a tape recorder, introduced himself and his colleague and asked Perkins to do the same. Perkins’s voice, drained of energy, was barely audible, so Crane asked him to speak up. The American spoke again in the same flat voice, so the interrogator simply repeated the name loudly, for the record, and then began with his questions.
“I want to show you a series of trades made by your firm,” said Crane, “and I would be grateful if you could affirm that these trades were, indeed, made by Alphabet Capital.”
The SFO chief passed a series of papers across the table, while his accountant read a summary of what they contained. The first was dated in late 2007, and there were other trades in the succeeding months.
“UK gilts,” intoned the investigator, as Crane pushed his document across the shiny tabletop.
Perkins studied it and nodded. Tarullo, the American lawyer, interjected that he reserved the right to challenge the accuracy of the document later, along with all the others, in the event that there was a formal legal proceeding. His reservation was noted and the inquisition continued.
“UK credit-default swaps, on four separate trading occasions, in March, April, May and June of 2008,” continued the investigator. Four sheets passed from hand to hand.
“I get it,” said Perkins. “You’re just going after the old stuff, when I was on my own.”
“Shush!” said Tarullo.
“Excuse me?” queried the fraud chief.
“Nothing,” muttered Perkins. Now that he understood the game, he was losing interest.
Tarullo, the lawyer, objected that Crane was using copies of documents, and that unless the originals were produced they were useless as evidence, and this objection was also duly noted.
Crane rolled on with his recitation of suspect trades.
“British sterling, intra-day trading and futures, very large movements.” Once again, the documents were transmitted, over legal protest.
So it went, as the investigators peeled off their deck of cards. The transactions all involved assets whose movement was affected by the activities of the Bank of England. Some trades involved the securities of certain large corporations that had been subject to British legal and regulatory proceedings over the period.
When they reached the bottom of their stack of papers, the representatives of Her Majesty’s government collected them and set them in a neat pile.
“Now, Mr. Perkins, I want to show you affidavits we have received, anonymous for the moment. They link each of these transactions with specific insider information from the Bank of England that was relevant to the trade in question. My accountant, Mr. Ward, will read a summary of this information. You needn’t respond to these crown exhibits, unless you choose to do so.”
“I object to this procedure,” said Tarullo. “You are presenting uncorroborated allegations with no explanation where the information comes from. That’s outrageous.”
“Of course you object. That’s what lawyers do, but it won’t make any difference. This isn’t a trial. It isn’t a formal hearing. It is an informal interview. So, please, don’t be tedious.”
Ward rehearsed the evidence of insider trading, without ever saying precisely how the information might have been transmitted. He noted central bank meetings that had been coincident with trades, news events at the bank’s headquarters in Threadneedle Street that had followed Alphabet Capital’s moves by hours or days. It was a devastating catalogue of inside information, from somewhere in the bank, which evidently had fueled trades resulting in many hundreds of millions in arbitrage profits to the firm.
Tarullo at first made a show of objecting, even though the fraud chief had warned him it would be useless. But Perkins waved him off. He knew they had the goods. He could remember most of the instances in question; the phone calls to his special cell from his “friend” in the parlors of the bank.
“I’ve heard enough,” Perkins said eventually, with a dismissive wave of the hand. The recitation of his supposed “insider trading” had made him angry, all over again, at the people who had seen his weakness several years before and been manipulating him ever since.
“Why don’t you go after my other sources?” Perkins asked.
“I beg your pardon?” said Crane.
“Shut up!” said Tarullo.
“This is all crap,” continued Perkins. “I can’t believe you would fall for whoever is dishing it out. You should be embarrassed, Mr. Crane. Someone is playing you. You’re going to regret this, deeply, later.”
“Not likely, that, Mr. Perkins, but brave try.” The chief of the Serious Fraud Office wasn’t quite done. He looked at his watch.
“I have just a bit more information that I would like to review with you, and then we can call it a morning. Then you can retire with your lawyer and say whatever venomous things you like.”
The accountant opened a locked briefcase. Inside was a sheaf of banking files with detailed markings, noting the foreign provenance of the exhibits and the controls applying to them.
“These are Swiss bank records,” said Crane. “We have obtained them under seal from the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority. They have been transferred to us under the European Union’s agreement to share information when there is evidence of money laundering or other illegal financial activity, such as insider trading.”
“Big deal,” said Perkins. He was tired of this show. Crane was an actor being manipulated by strings he didn’t even see. It was a waste of time. This wasn’t the main event; it was the shadow play.
“I object,” said Tarullo. “Where did Switzerland come from?”
Crane continued with his narrative. He opened the folder and spread the records before Perkins, keeping a copy for his own reference.
“Do you recognize these documents, Mr. Perkins?”
“Nope. They look fake.”
“These are records of the numbered account that is maintained on your behalf at the Federation des Banques Suisses. I am informed that you inquired about this account as recently as yesterday.”
“Prove it,” said Perkins.
“I will prove it, I assure you. Now, these records show that the account was opened last September. As you can see from an examination of the records, the total sum in this account is currently one billion nine hundred eighty million dollars. And as you will further see, there have been regular monthly additions to this account. These deposits do not appear to have been declared properly to the Inland Revenue. That would be illegal, if true.”
“This is all bullshit, Crane. You are a fool.”
“Shhh!” said Tarullo, putting his hand on his client’s shoulder. “No need for that.”
“Okay. You’re not a fool. You’re a dupe. This isn’t your fault. You don’t even understand it. Where’s the other FBS account?”
“I beg your pardon? What other account?”
“See? You don’t even know your own case. There was another numbered account at FBS that had three times what was in this one, allegedly. What about that account? That’s where the real money went, assuming for the moment that there was any.”
“You are delusional, Mr. Perkins. There is no other account. We have checked with the Swiss authorities, and
