trick—but the Greeks transposed this into a beautiful symbol: the two weights, they say, represent the earth and sea, “an illustration of how all the phenomena of the visible sky were supposed to hang dependent on the highest god of heaven!” (Ibid., p.
47.) Juno probably regarded the transaction in an altogether different light; and she therefore United with Poseidon, the king’s brother, and his daughter Athena, in a rebellion to put the old fellow in a strait-jacket, “and would have succeeded had not Thetis brought to his aid the sea-giant AEgaeon,” probably a war-ship. She seems in the main, however, to have been a good wife, and was the type of all the womanly virtues.
Poseidon, the first king of Atlantis, according to Plato, was, according to Greek mythology, a brother of Zeus, and a son of Chronos. In the division of the kingdom he fell heir to the ocean and its islands, and to the navigable rivers; in other words, he was king of a maritime and commercial people. His symbol was the horse. “He was the first to train and employ horses;” that is to say, his people first domesticated the horse. This agrees with what Plato tells us of the importance attached to the horse in Atlantis, and of the baths and race-courses provided for him. He was worshipped in the island of Tenos “in the character of a physician,” showing that he represented an advanced civilization. He was also master of an agricultural people; “the ram with the golden fleece for which the Argonauts sailed was the offspring of Poseidon.” He carried in his hand a three-pronged symbol, the trident, doubtless an emblem of the three continents that were embraced in the empire of Atlantis. He founded many colonies along the shores of the Mediterranean; “he helped to build the walls of Troy;” the tradition thus tracing the Trojan civilization to an Atlantean source. He settled Attica and founded Athens, named after his niece Athena, daughter of Zeus, who had no mother, but had sprung from the head of Zeus, which probably signified that her mother’s name was not known—she was a foundling. Athena caused the first olive-tree to grow on the Acropolis of Athens, parent of all the olive-trees of Greece. Poseidon seems to have had settlements at Corinth, AEgina, Naxos, and Delphi. Temples were erected to his honor in nearly all the seaport towns Of Greece. He sent a sea-monster, to wit, a slip, to ravage part of the Trojan territory.
In the “Iliad” Poseidon appears “as ruler of the sea, inhabiting a brilliant palace in its depths, traversing its surface in a chariot, or stirring the powerful billows until the earth shakes as they crash upon the shores. . . . He is also associated with well-watered plains and valleys.” (Murray’s “Mythology,” p, 51.) The palace in the depths of the sea was the palace upon Olympus in Atlantis; the traversing of the sea referred to the movements of a mercantile race; the shaking of POSEIDON, OR NEPTUNE.
the earth was an association with earthquakes; the “well-watered plains and valleys” remind us of the great plain of Atlantis described by Plato.
All the traditions of the coming of civilization into Europe point to Atlantis.
For instance, Keleos, who lived at Eleusis, near Athens, hospitably received Demeter, the Greek Ceres, the daughter of Poseidon, when she landed; and in return she taught him the use of the plough, and presented his son with the seed of barley, and sent him out to teach mankind bow to sow and utilize that grain. Dionysos, grandson of Poseidon, travelled “through all the known world, even into the remotest parts of India, instructing the people, as he proceeded, how to tend the vine, and how to practise many other arts of peace, besides teaching them the value of just and honorable dealings.” (Murray’s “Mythology,”
119.) The Greeks celebrated great festivals in his honor down to the coming of Christianity.
“The Nymphs of Grecian mythology were a kind of middle beings between the gods and men, communicating with both, loved and respected by both; . . . living like the gods on ambrosia. In extraordinary cases they were summoned, it was believed, to the councils of the Olympian gods; but they usually remained in their particular spheres, in secluded grottoes and peaceful valleys, occupied in spinning, weaving, bathing, singing sweet songs, dancing, sporting, or accompanying deities who passed through their territories—hunting with Artemis (Diana), rushing about with Dionysos (Bacchus), making merry with Apollo or Hermes (Mercury), but always in a hostile attitude toward the wanton and excited Satyrs.”
The Nymphs were plainly the female inhabitants of Atlantis dwelling on the plains, while the aristocracy lived on the higher lands. And this is confirmed by the fact that part of them were called Atlantids, offspring of Atlantis. The Hesperides were also “daughters of Atlas;” their mother was Hesperis, a personification of “the region of the West.” Their home was “an island in the ocean,” Off the north or west coast of Africa.
And here we find a tradition which not only points to Atlantis, but also shows some kinship to the legend in Genesis of the tree and the serpent.
Titaea, “a goddess of the earth,” gave Zeus a tree bearing golden apples on it. This tree was put in the care of the Hesperides, but they could not resist the temptation to pluck and eat its fruit; thereupon a serpent named Ladon was put to watch the tree. Hercules slew the serpent, and gave the apples to the Hesperides.
Heracles (Hercules), we have seen, was a son of Zeus, king of Atlantis.
One of his twelve labors (the tenth) was the carrying off the cattle of Geryon. The meaning of Geryon is “the red glow of the sunset.” He dwelt on the island of “Erythea, in the remote west, beyond the Pillars of Hercules.” Hercules took a ship, and after encountering a storm, reached the island and placed himself on Mount Abas. Hercules killed Geryon, stole the cattle, put them on the ship, and landed them safely, driving them “through Iberia, Gaul, and over the Alps down into Italy.”
(Murray’s “Mythology,” p. 257.) This was simply the memory of a cattle raid made by an uncivilized race upon the civilized, cattle-raising people of Atlantis.
It is not necessary to pursue the study of the gods of Greece any farther. They were simply barbarian recollections of the rulers of a great civilized people who in early days visited their shores, and brought with them the arts of peace.
Here then, in conclusion, are the proofs of our proposition that the gods of Greece had been the kings of Atlantis: 1. They were not the makers, but the rulers of the world.
2. They were human in their attributes; they loved, sinned, and fought battles, the very sites of which are given; they founded cities, and civilized the people of the shores of the Mediterranean.
3. They dwelt upon an island in the Atlantic,” in the remote west. . . .
where the sun shines after it has ceased to shine on Greece.”
4. Their land was destroyed in a deluge.
5. They were ruled over by Poseidon and Atlas.
6. Their empire extended to Egypt and Italy and the shores of Africa, precisely as stated by Plato.
7. They existed during the Bronze Age and at the beginning of the Iron Age.
