George F. Kennan : an American life

20 GFK interview, August 24, 1982, p. 13; KWK interview, December 29, 1982, pp. 3, 5; JKH interview, pp. 4, 11–12, 25.

21 JKH interview, pp. 1, 9; JKH to JLG, September 24, 1983; FKW interview, p. 13; GFK, Memoirs, I, 1.

22 JKH interview, p. 6; GFK interview, August 24, 1982, pp. 4, 12.

23 JKH interview by JEK, p. 2.

24 CKB interview, p. 3; GFK interview, August 24, 1982, p. 14; KWK interview, p. 5.

25 JKH interview, p. 1; GFK interview, August 24, 1982, p. 3.

26 KKK reminiscences; FKW interview, p. 4; JKH, “Memoirs for Two,” p. 10.

27 GFK to JEK, November 12, 1972, JEK Papers. I have relied here also on the GFK Diary, July 9, 1927, and April 16, 1929, as well as on Seegert, Oakwood Bay Centennial. I am grateful to Jeanette’s son Jim Hotchkiss for giving me a tour of the area in 1996.

28 Anderson and Olson, Milwaukee: At the Gathering of the Waters, especially pp. 46, 57–60; Orum, City-Building in America, pp. 88–90.

29 JKH interview, p. 1; FKW interview, p. 4; GFK interview, August 24, 1982, pp. 8–9; CKB interview, p. 5; KKK reminiscences; Gregory, History of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, p. 142; GFK interview by JEK, pp. 8–9. The book was KKK, Income Taxation—Method and Results in Various Countries.

30 Travis, George Kennan and the Russian-American Relationship, provides the fullest treatment of the first George Kennan’s life; but see also Saul, Concord and Conflict, especially pp. 281–92. Kennan’s most influential book was Siberia and the Exile System, but he also described his earlier experiences in Tent Life in Siberia.

31 GFK, Memoirs, I, 8; GFK interview, August 24, 1982, p. 7.

32 George Kennan to KKK, December 30, 1912, typed copy in JKH Papers.

33 CKB interview, p. 6; GFK interview, August 24, 1982, p. 7. See also JKH interview, pp. 28–29; and Travis, George Kennan, p. 107.

34 JKH interview, p. 28; GFK, Memoirs, I, 9.

35 Unless otherwise noted, the quotations in this section come from GFK’s letter to “my dear children,” Bad Nauheim, Germany, February 1942, GFK Papers, 140:9. See also GFK, Memoirs, I, 5–6; and GFK, An American Family: The Kennans.

36 For the James family, see, in addition to GFK’s 1942 letter, Vogel, Sauce for the Gander, pp. 338–52; GFK interview, August 24, 1982, pp. 1–3; CKB interview, pp. 3–4, 7; FKW interview, p. 5; and Seegert, Oakwood Bay Centennial, pp. 42–44.

37 GFK interview by JEK, p. 1.

38 Ibid., pp. 2–3; GFK interview, August 24, 1982, p. 11.

39 JKH, “Memoirs for Two,” pp. 19–20.

40 GFK interview by JEK, pp. 16–17; GFK to KKK, November 5, 1912, JEK Papers.

41 GFK, “My Soldier,” March 1913, GFK Papers, 183:6.

42 GFK, Memoirs, I, 3–5; GFK interview by JEK, pp. 17–18. After George mentioned the Juneau Park fairies in his memoirs, his irreverent cousin Ted Vogel pointed out that the park had been cited in the Milwaukee newspapers for harboring “fairies” of “a different life style.” Vogel, Sauce for the Gander, p. 369.

43 JKH, “Memoirs for Two,” pp. 11–12.

44 GFK interview by JEK, pp. 4–5; GFK to the sons of Charlie James, May 6, 1994, Eugene Hotchkiss Papers. The diary is in the JEK Papers, and the quotations that follow all come from it.

45 GFK interview by JEK, pp. 4–5.

46 GFK, Memoirs, I, 3; GFK 1916 diary, JEK Papers; GFK interview by JEK, p. 5. See also, for these and subsequent details about the school, Mitchell, Quarter Centenary of the Milwaukee State Normal School. The school building survives as Mitchell Hall, on the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee campus.

47 GFK interview, December 13, 1987, pp. 2–3; JKH interview, pp. 24–30; JKH, “Memoirs for Two,” pp. 13–14. Helen Hase Barnes, who played a fairy, sent the Rumpelstiltskin program to George seventy-seven years later, GFK Papers, 90:2. Another teacher at the school in George’s final year was Golda Mabovitz, later to be known as Golda Meir, but George did not recall having taken courses with her.

48 GFK interview by JEK, pp. 18–19, and CKB interview by JEK, pp. 14–15.

49 JKH interview by JEK, p. 16; CKB interview, p. 3; GFK to KKK, November 5, 1912; GFK Diary, April 8, 1916, JEK Papers.

50 GFK interview by JEK, pp. 19, 27–29; GFK interview, August 24, 1982, p. 14; also GFK, “The Value of a St. John’s Education,” commencement address, St. John’s Military Academy, June 4, 1960, p. 3, GFK Papers, 260:10.

51 GFK interview by JEK, p. 29; GFK to JKH, September 24, 1919, GFK Papers, 23:10, and to Louise Wheeler Kennan, undated, JEK Papers; GFK, “Value of a St. John’s Education,” p. 4; GFK interview, August 24, 1982, p. 12.

52 Ibid.

53 Ibid., pp. 12–14; also GFK interview by JEK, p. 26.