[19] Fet was a lyric poet of the late nineteenth century, a precursor of the Symbolists.

[20] Dobrolyubov (1836-61) and Chernyshevsky (1828-89) were among the ancestors of the Russian revolutionaries.

[21] Komsomol: the Communist Youth League.

[22] Dalstroy: the Far Eastern Construction Trust, i.e. the network of prison camps that covered thousands of miles of the far North-East of the Soviet Union.

[23] A barrack in a prison camp inhabited (solely or mainly) by professional criminals.

[24] One of the ultra-reactionary and anti-Semitic organizations responsible for the pogroms at the beginning of the century.

[25] Jug, plywood, puddle, sour milk, duckweed, scarecrow, lazy, kitten.

[26] A collection of poems by the Ukrainian poet T. Chevtchenko.

[27] Ulrich was President of the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court. He presided at several of the Great Purge Trials. N.I. Yezhov was People's Commissar for Internal Affairs, 1936- 1938.

[28] Between 1923 and 1934 the Soviet security service was known as the OGPU (United State Political Administration).

[29] The Communist children's organization.

[30] A quotation from a poem by Heine.

[31] From a short lyric of Pushkin's.

[32] An anonymous twelfth-century epic poem.

[33] An allusion to Gogol's play, The Inspector: the governor tries to make out that a widow, whom he has had whipped, has in fact whipped herself.

[34] The Tsarist Secret Police.

[35] 'This will make your voice beautiful!'

[36] 'Caps off!'

[37] A quotation from a famous song about the Cossack chieftain, Stenka Razin.

[38] Cossack chieftain.

[39] Khrushchev.

[40] I.e. prisoners still capable of a full day's work.

[41] Common criminals who have broken the underworld code.

[42] A revolutionary organization of the nineteenth century.

[43] A light biplane.

[44] The Russian word khren is used in an expression meaning 'old sod'.

[45] A minister under Alexander I. Here he epitomises a narrow-minded and rigid bureaucracy.

[46] The subject of a famous story by Gogol.

[47] Dentist.

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