Einstein: His Life and Universe

AEA 57-294; J. Robert Oppenheimer to Einstein, Oct. 10, 1945, AEA 57-296.

4

. When he realized that Oppenheimer had not written the statement he considered too timid, Einstein wrote to the scientists in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, who actually had. In the letter, he explained his thoughts about what powers a world government should and should not have. “There would be no immediate need for member nations to subordinate their own tariff and immigration legislation to the authority of world government,” he said. “In fact, I believe the sole function of world government should be to have a monopoly over military power.” Einstein to John Balderston and other Oak Ridge scientists, Dec. 3, 1945, AEA 56-493.

5

. It is reprinted in Nathan and Norden, 347, and Einstein 1954, 118. See also Einstein, “The Way Out,” in

One World or None

, Federation of Atomic Scientists, 1946, www.fas.org/oneworld/index.html. The book is an important look at the ideas of scientists at the time—including Einstein, Oppenheimer, Szilard, Wigner, and Bohr—on how to use world federalism to control nuclear arms.

6

. Einstein realized there was no lasting “secret” of the bomb to protect. As he said later, “America has temporary superiority in armament, but it is certain that we have no lasting secret. What nature tells one group of men, she will tell in time to any other group.” Einstein, “The Real Problem Is in the Hearts of Men,”

New York Times Magazine

, June 23, 1946.

7

. Einstein, remarks at the Nobel Prize dinner, Hotel Astor, Dec. 10, 1945, in Einstein 1954, 115.

8

. Einstein, ECAS fund-raising telegram, May 23, 1946. Material relating to this is in folder 40-11 of the Einstein archives. The history and archives of the ECAS can be found through www.aip.org/history/ead/chicago_ecas/20010108_content.html#top.

9

. Einstein, ECAS letter, Jan. 22, 1947, AEA 40-606; Sayen, 213.

10

.

Newsweek

, Mar. 10, 1947.

11

. Richard Present to Einstein, Jan. 30, 1946, AEA 57-147.

12

. Einstein to Dr. J. J. Nickson, May 23, 1946, AEA 57-150; Einstein to Louis B. Mayer, June 24, 1946, AEA 57- 152.

13

. Louis B. Mayer to Einstein, July 18, 1946, AEA 57-153; James McGuinness to Louis B. Mayer, July 16, 1946, AEA 57-154.

14

. Sam Marx to Einstein, July 1, 1946, AEA 57-155; Einstein to Sam Marx, July 8, 1946, AEA 57-156; Sam Marx to Einstein, July 16, 1946, AEA 57-158.

15

. Einstein to Sam Marx, July 19, 1946, AEA 57-162; Leo Szilard telegram to Einstein, and Einstein note on reverse, July 27, 1946, AEA 57-163, 57-164.

16

. Bosley Crowther, “Atomic Bomb Film Starts,”

New York Times

, Feb. 21, 1947.

17

. William Golden to George Marshall, June 9, 1947, Foreign Relations of the U.S.; Sayen, 196.

18

. Halsman’s quote from Einstein, recounted by Halsman’s widow, is in

Time

’s Person of the Century issue, Dec. 31, 1999, which has the portrait he took (shown on p. 487) as the cover.

19