Obviously there was such a place, for the message taken from that dead Japanese warrant officer’s pocket mentioned it twice, emphasizing its importance, and the documents found in the pack of the deceased Lieutenant Abe indicated that there was at least a full regiment back there somewhere. Also, when the tanks rolled over Suicide Creek on the morning of January 4, they found that the enemy had retreated.
So there should be quite a hatful of Japanese to the southeast, probably around Hill 660.
Was Hill 660 Aogiri Ridge? No. Corporal Shigeto said Hill 660 was called Manju Yama, meaning Sweet Cookie Hill. Maybe it was Hill 150 just to the south of Target Hill. A rough sketch on the message made it look that way, and so the attacking Marine battalions were sent against Hill 150. They took it and found that it was probably not Aogiri Ridge at all.
The attack southeastward continued, with Brigadier General Shepherd still anxious to locate this Aogiri Ridge.
The terrain still favored the Japanese. As the Marine battalions swung like a gate southeastward to Borgen Bay, they plunged into another swamp. The Seventeenth Marines again built corduroy roads and knocked down riverbanks to get the tanks into bitterly-resisting Japanese pockets. At noon on January 7, as the right flank swung through an area 1,000 yards diagonally southwest of Target Hill, Lieutenant Colonel David McDougal of the Third Battalion, Fifth, was wounded. Five hours later his executive officer, Major Joseph Skoczylas, was also hit. Lieutenant Colonel Chesty Puller, still commanding the Third Battalion, Seventh, took over both outfits. Next morning Puller turned the other battalion over to a tall, brawny, square-faced lieutenant colonel with the fanciful name of Silent Lew Walt.
As Walt’s men pressed the attack that morning of January 8 they felt the ground rising gently beneath a tangle of vines and creepers. It seemed drier. Though the map insisted they were on level ground, they were in fact beginning to climb steep slopes. They were being swept by interlocking small-arms fire. They did not know it then, but they had found Aogiri Ridge. Nor did they know that there were 37 bunkers ahead, most of them connected by underground tunnels. If one bunker fell and the Marines moved on, it would suddenly erupt again behind them. Walt’s men took heavy casualties, and General Shepherd had to rush two reinforcing companies up to Aogiri Ridge. The Marines did not take Aogiri Ridge or even dent it that day. They fell back to their morning positions and dug in.
At dawn of January 9 Walt’s men struck out in straight frontal attack again. They couldn’t flank the position because its guns could rake either side. They couldn’t bypass it, for it would cut Marine communications. They had to strike straight ahead, staggering with fatigue, moving through jungle so thick they could not see 10 yards ahead of them, and all the while being struck by an invisible foe. They faltered, and Walt called for a 37-millimeter cannon.
The goo-pound gun was trundled forward.
“All right,” Walt shouted, as he and his runner put their stooping shoulders to one of the wheels. “Who’ll give me a hand?”
There was no response, but then Walt tore at the gun with such savage fury that his men leaped in beside him. They pushed the cannon up the steep slope, stopping to fire cannister shot, blasting apart the jungle and clearing a path through the bunkers. Men were killed or wounded but others rushed in to take their place. Up, up it went, bumping and volleying and at last it was atop the ridge, and the hail of its cannister was sweeping among the enemy like shotgun pellets.
The Marines had a hold on Aogiri Ridge.
The Japanese in Rabaul led Major Boyington by rope halter to a hut half a mile from the dock. There they questioned him for twenty-four hours. When he balked, they twisted the ropes around his wrists until he was about to lose consciousness; then they loosened the rope and continued. They did not treat his wounds for ten days. They preferred to punch him in the jaw and beat his legs with rifle butts. They beat him regularly during the six weeks in which they held him prisoner there, for they did not like the American major who had taunted them so derisively, nor did they like the terrible things his comrades were doing to their once-mighty base. Already there was a new light-bomber strip being completed on Bougainville, and Rabaul had only six more weeks to live.
Colonel Katayama had decided to use his last reserve battalion to knock the Americans off Aogiri. It was the 3rd Battalion, 141st, commanded by Major Asachichi Tatsumi. During the darkness succeeding the Marines’ conquest of the ridge-top, these men of Major Tatsumi had been gathering on Aogiri’s reverse slope. Around midnight of that January 9 they began to chant:
“Marines prepare to die, Marines prepare to die.”
At a quarter past one in the morning of January 10 they rushed up the slope screaming and howling, but were swiftly cut down by the Marines who had seized upon the chanting to get ready in the right place. The shattered waves flowed back down the slope and came up again. Once more they were hurled back.
In his foxhole Silent Lew Walt was calling 105-millimeter fire in closer and closer to his lines. He cut through the objections of the artillery officers in the fire-direction centers and called for shells as close as 50 yards to his own men, for the Japanese were obviously under orders to retake Aogiri or die.
A third wave came up and was stopped.
The fourth rushed up led by Major Tatsumi himself. In belted raincoat, with pistol in one hand and samurai sword in the other, the battalion commander led two other officers in a dash through the Marine lines. They ran toward Walt’s command post where the American commander lay in his water-filled foxhole waiting for them, his .45 automatic pistol in his hand. Two of them fell but Tatsumi came on.
Suddenly two short-round shells struck the treetops overhead and exploded and killed Tatsumi. He fell a few paces from Lieutenant Colonel Walt. Now the Marine machine guns atop Aogiri Ridge were low on ammunition. Walt hurriedly sent men to the rear for ammunition, for he expected a fifth charge. He could hear the enemy chanting again, massing again—and then the ammunition belts arrived. Walt looked at his watch. One minute… two… three… four…
They came up again and this time they were broken forever.
Aogiri Ridge had been captured and held, and now it was being renamed. Brigadier General Shepherd climbed the ridge later that morning to look about 2,000 yards southeast to Hill 660, the highest ground in Borgen Bay, lying about seven miles southeast of the airfield. Shepherd spoke to Walt’s glassy-eyed Marines and congratulated their leader. He suggested making an American out of Aogiri.
“We’ll call it Walt’s Ridge,” he said.
23
Having found a place that was not on the map—Aogiri Ridge —the Marines on western New Britain now turned to looking for a place marked on the map but impossible to find.
The difficulty was a matter of phonetics.
When the Australians began to map New Britain they often used place names already in use among the Melanesians, translating them phonetically. A tiny village such as Nakarop remained Nakarop. When the Japanese replaced the Australians they made Japanese translations of these English phonetics. Thus Nakarop—the site of Matsuda’s lair—became Egaroppu.
The Marines had only lately learned from prisoners that Major General Matsuda was in western New Britain. They heard that he had his headquarters somewhere inland. From enemy maps and documents they correctly guessed that Matsuda was at Egaroppu.
But no one familiar with New Britain—not an Australian planter, not a missionary, not a Melanesian—had ever heard of Egaroppu. Many attempts were made to compare Australian and Japanese maps, but the Japanese maps were so sketchy it was impossible to pinpoint any one interior village. Aerial reconnaissance was useless, for there was nothing to be seen beneath the ubiquitous jungle roof. More, there seemed to be no inland trails from the north coast. The Marines had no way of knowing that Matsuda had linked his headquarters to Borgen Bay in the north by means of a seven-mile trail tunneled through the jungle. Nor did any of their maps show other concealed trails running out Nakarop-Egaroppu’s back door to points far east of Borgen Bay.
