Девиантность, преступность, социальный контроль в обществе постмодерна

Boris Moscovitch. The leader of the gang – Sergey Capok (some versions of the story say he was a murder on request) was „expensive“ in the region. He was a deputy of Kuschevskaya region. The Gang of Capok begain its operations in the 90s. This is a criminal organization with branches in many cos sack villages of the region also in possession of several legal business – a scattered network of farms, safety structures, where the group's personnel prepared the instructors of the special police».

In the Republic Bashkortostan criminal organization influenced the chief of the department of special expert operations – expert of criminal law centre under the republican Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD) Leonid Dayanov, who created the criminal community for drug trafficking involving 15 people.

The criminal community of thieves thenexplanded to St. Petersburg encompassing about 40 persons, six out of whom were policemen.

In Chelyabinskaya area a large OCG involved in insurance fraud was exposed (32 persons, out of whom 11 persons were militia officers). They prepared forged documents, in which they stated that there had been a car accident, and as a result they got the damages for the car. The documents were given to insurance companies for the purpose of collecting the payments.

Gennady Gudkov, deputy head of Committee of Security of Gosduma (Russian Parliament – Y-G), a retired colonel of FSB wrote to the «Russian Newspaper»: «Crime in large cossack village Kuschevskaya has shown not only the crisis of the law-enforcement system, but also the crisis of authorities… All gangs exist only because they are protected („cryshuet“) by the law-enforcement organs».

Writer D. Bykov asked:

«Why did the landlords of Kuschevskaya become criminals? Why the governor of the region Mr. Tkachev, did not undertake any measures to overcome this situation? Why did thirt five thousand people silently tolerate the robberies, the rapes, the stealing? Why did one hundred twenty million people, including children, peacefully and silently accept that they were deprived of the basic rights, liberties, hope, incentives, culture, and even freedom of thought? They were all afraid, but there is no one power, especially in the present, capable of inciting such terror. They were afraid that against such power all efforts were pointless and useless. Generally speaking, all these people were certain that the way things are is they way things must be. That Russia has not changed and cannot change. Their fear is not of the sheer terror spread by the bandits or even of their power. It is founded in deep internal consciousness that a society which has undergone any change will always be built in the same way. And they do believ that after the final meeting of the committee Gosduma (Russian Parliament – Y.G.) on safety a new gang, a new S. Capok, will appear in large cossack village Kuschevskaya, perhaps this time with the blessing of the highest powers in the country». (Profil, 22.11.2010).

On 27^h November 2010 in Engelsky region in the Saratovskaya area ten participants of organized criminal community were detained. They had com-mited many felonies, including murders in the 1990s, at the request chapters of the head of the administration of the region, Michail Lysenko. Other representatives of the administration of the region also took part in the activities of the organized criminal group. The group was also well armed (http://news.mail.ru/incident/4860592/).

The advisor of the chairman of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, a retired general-major of the militia, Professor Vladimir Ovchinsky spoke on the radio «Liberty» on 19 November 2010: «The situation with organized forms of criminality is critical… If in 1990s organized criminal groups struggled for power, they now control the authorities from the inside». The Head of the Central electoral commission of Russian Federation, Mr. Vladimir Churov, has said recently: «the attempts of the criminal structures go as far as to get their candidate onto the election list and even to participate in the electoral commissions».

Moreover, the Ex-President of the Russian Federation Mr. D. Medve-dev spook about «the joining of the police bodies and organs of power with the criminal world»[497]. And the Chairman of the Constitutional Court of Russia Prof. V. Zor'kin write: «the joining of the authorities with crime… is not unique… Our state will change from being criminalizing to being criminal»[498].

Of course, it caused unrest and increased competition in the criminal world. As result on 12.09.2009 Vyacheslav Ivan'kov («Yaponchik») was killed, and Asian Usoyan («Grandparent Hasan») was gravely wouded on 16.09.2010.

It is to difficult to understand it all, eapecially for someone who does not live in Russia, and has not studied the problem of authorities, police bodies and organized crime. There is no organized crime in the traditional understanding of the term. This is criminalizing police body (certainly, not all policemen), «legal» criminalizing business, institutions of power, which joined with the leaders of criminal organizations.

What are the causes of the development of the «new type» of organized crime in Russia? Here are some reasons for this:

• There is enormous social-economic inequality.

• A very big part of population (more than 70 %) is very poor.

• Many young people do not have work, education, profession or money.

• There are many goods and service in contemporary Russia (expensive motor vehicles, expensive restaurants, possibility to cross the border, and so on), but the majority of the population has no access to them.

• There is rampant corruption of all state organs including the police.

IV. Conclusion

There is new state, a new form of the Russian organized crime. It is an amalgamation, union of criminal organizations, business (legal and semi-legal), power structures and police. The indivisible network of criminal, political, business and police structures control the country, its regions, and decide the fate of the