3 On 4 June 1989, the People’s Liberation Army marched on Tiananmen Square in Beijing, to quash the students demonstrating for greater freedom and democracy. The estimates of the number killed in Beijing on that day range from 241 to 5,000.
4 John Wesley Carlos from Harlem, New York was one of the founders of the Olympic Project for Human Rights (OPHR), which demanded that Rhodesia (today called Zimbabwe) and the apartheid regime of South Africa be banned from Olympic participation in Mexico in 1968. They also demanded that the IOC president step down and that more Afro-American coaches be hired. After winning the bronze for the 200 metres, during the award ceremony he wore black socks and a black glove that he raised into the air in solidarity with impoverished Afro-Americans in the USA. The IOC president responded by throwing Carlos off the American team and banning him from the Olympic village. When Carlos returned to the USA, where the civil rights struggle was raging, both he and his family received death threats.
13 THE SHIPMASTER
1 Alberto Zavaleta Salas interviewed by the authors in Lima, 17−19 April 2016.
2 The description comes from the red list of threatened species published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). www.iucnredlist.org/details/183775/0 (accessed 26.09.2016).
3 The descriptions of Chimbote’s decline have been taken from several sources. The most important is the authors’ interview with Alberto Zavaleta Salas and the report “Looting the Seas”, a prize-winning investigative journalism project carried out by International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ) and published by the Center for Public Integrity in 2012. Various sections of the report have been cited in a number of newspapers. www.publicintegrity.org/environment/natural-resources/looting-seas (accessed 28.09.2016).
4 The Kunlun has been mentioned in debates and speeches made in the Australian parliament several times. The first case the authors know of was on 10 September 2003, when Senator Kerry O’Brien from Tasmania asked the Minister for Agriculture and Fisheries Ian Macdonald whether the Australian authorities had succeeded in preventing the Kunlun, which at that time was named the Dorita, from landing its illegal toothfish catch in Japan, Hong Kong, China, Mozambique and Kenya. Minister Macdonald replied that the Australian authorities had tried, but that Japan, Hong Kong and Kenya had accepted fish from the vessel. Out of the five nations, only Mozambique confirmed having refused toothfish from the Dorita.
5 Most of the observations of “The Bandit 6” (and other suspected pirates) on the way to and from Antarctica are available to the public on the website of RPOA-IUU, a regional collaboration for combating illegal fishing in Southeast Asia and Oceania. http://rpoa-iuu.org/index.php/iuu-vessel/iuu-vessel-list.html (accessed 28.09.2016).
6 The authors have communicated with Shipmaster Juan Manuel Núñez Robles on the Yongding using a chat program and over the phone several times in the spring of 2016.
7 The crew of the Viking posted this photo of the Christmas party on Facebook.
14 DESOLATION ISLAND
1 The article “Poaching Vessel ‘Thunder’ Deliberately Avoids French EEZ While Sea Shepherd Continues Gillnet Retrieval” published on Sea Shepherd Global’s website, 27 December 2014. www.seashepherdglobal.org/news-and-commentary/news/poaching-vessel-Thunder-deliberately-avoids-french-eez-while-sea-shepherd-continues-gillnet-retrieval.html (accessed 28.09.2016).
2 During the Bob Barker’s search for the Thunder, Project Scale sent 51 messages to 49 different countries through Interpol’s secure communication channel I-24/7, according to the head of Project Scale Alistair McDonnell. Based on the two ships’ position and speed, Interpol officers were able to calculate when the ships could be at a port or within a country’s exclusive economic zone (EEZ), which extends 200 nautical miles out from the coast. When the Thunder and the Bob Barker approached the Kerguelen Islands, it was the first time they were near an EEZ.
3 The seafarer Binot Paulmier de Gonneville, born in Dieppe, travelled in 1503 from Honfleur in Normandy towards southern waters and claimed to have discovered an unknown country, a six weeks’ sail east of the Cape of Good Hope. It has later been assumed that this was either Madagascar or the areas around Ilha de Catarina in Brazil. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries there was a widespread belief in France that de Gonneville was the person who had discovered Australia.
4 The confiscated pirate ship the Osiris, named after the god who watched over the kingdom of the dead in ancient Egypt, was among the vessels sent out to guard these waters. On 23 August 2013, the Osiris also found the Thunder while she was fishing illegally in a CCAMLR zone between the French Crozet Islands and the South African Prince Edward Islands, but since the Thunder was fishing in international waters, the vessel was not boarded.
5 Due to shrinking quotas and poor revenues for the shipyard’s law-abiding fleet, the family Vidal from Ribeira in Spain decided to bank on the fishing of toothfish, in that they had recognized its enormous financial potential. First, the family formed a partnership with a French company that had the licence to fish toothfish around the Kerguelen Islands, but Vidal’s skilled fishing captains found so much fish that the French company saw no reason to share the profits in the following season. When they dissolved the partnership Vidal decided to fish in French waters nonetheless. The Arvisa, the Vidal syndicate’s first toothfish vessel, was caught, fined and later confiscated by the French authorities. Later also the Vidal ship the Apache, formerly the Caroline Glacial and owned by Norwegians, was confiscated near the Kerguelen Islands. In 2005 the French had chased the last pirates out of their waters. A Vidal ship escaped. The tiny and nimble Dorita would many years later up end up on Peter Hammarstedt’s “The Bandit 6” poster under the name the Kunlun.
15 THE PHANTOM SHIP
1 At the authors’ request, Lloyd’s List did a search for the Thunder’s IMO number on 16 March 2016. The seven-digit IMO number, assigned by Lloyd’s Register Fairplay, is unique for each ship and is to follow the ship throughout its entire lifetime, also through reconstructions and change of name, shipyard or flag state.
2 Taken from Paul Watson’s Facebook page. Published 30 December 2014. www.facebook.com/paul.watson.1426/posts/10153382700863362 (accessed
