Periodic Table, The: Past, Present, And Future

to be completely wrong. Who knows what other possibilities await to be synthesized?

References

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Chapter 7

Group and Period Patterns among the Main Group Elements

As will be seen in the subsequent chapters, there are a variety of linkages among the elements. In this chapter, the focus will be upon patterns and trends within a Group or a Period. This topic, by necessity, must be limited to a few selected examples.

Whole monographs have been written on patterns and trends down groups and across periods [1–4]. As a result, this chapter on the main group elements will be very selective in the chosen examples.

Main Group Elements

In the 18-Group or 32-Group Periodic Tables, the unfortunate main group elements are fissioned into two widely separated halves: Groups 1 and 2, and Groups 13 to 18. Yet there is no wide gap between beryllium and boron or between magnesium and aluminum. This is an artifact of our obsession with linearity following electron configurations rather than producing a design that has chemical pedagogical value.

Sanderson produced a design to solve this (and other) issues, which was updated by Jensen. Jensen commented [5]:

Despite its extraordinary advantages, Sanderson’s double-appendix table has seen virtually no use beyond his own writings. It is unclear whether this is due to resistance on the part of authors and publishers, who fear that any departure from the norm will diminish the sale of their textbooks, or to the fact that the use of the periodic table to correlate the facts of descriptive chemistry is so superficial in most textbooks that the very real limitations of the 18-column block table never become apparent.

A very specific advantage from this Author’s perspective is that zinc, cadmium, and mercury are unambiguously placed among the main group elements [5]. The Sanderson Periodic Table is shown in Figure 7.1.

Figure 7.1 Sanderson’s double-appendix Periodic Table design (from Ref. [5]).

Historical Background

It was the concept of repetitive properties that gave rise first to the proposal for triads of elements by Döbereiner, then the Law of Octaves by Newlands, followed by the periodic patterns of Mendeléev [6] and of Meyer [7]. As is apparent