In addition to Tim Duggan, this book benefited immeasurably from the eyes and pens of several dear friends: Bryan Curtis, Jodi Kantor, David Plotz, Jay Tol-son, and Jason Zengerle. I’m embarrassed to think of how much they improved my copy. David Hirshey, a ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
fellow Arsenal fan and a member of a great soccer family, played a vital role in championing this book at HarperCollins. My editors at the New Republic—Peter Beinart, Chris Orr, and Martin Peretz—gave me eight months leave to kick-start this project.
My family suggested the idea for this book on a vacation to Barcelona, as we sat in the upper tier of the Camp Nou. For the next two years, my parents and brothers talked me through outlines and read drafts.
Finally, more than HarperCollins, my wife was this book’s patron. Without her encouragement and support—not to mention understanding—I would have never traveled around the world for this book. I loved the hours we spent holed up in the home oªce as she read through the manuscript—and I love her. I n d e x
Abramovich, Roman, 94–95,
Belfast, 57–64. See also Scottish
110–11
sectarianism
AC Milan club, 5, 170, 172–73,
Belgrade. See Serbian violence
177–92
Berlusconi, Silvio, 5, 170, 172–73,
African American gangster rap,
177–92
14–15
bigotry
Agnelli, Gianni, 170–77
anti-Semitism (see Jewish
Ajax club, 80–83
soccer)
American culture, 235–48
English, 108–9
anti-nationalism, 246–48
ethnic warfare, 7–8, 15–16, 111
anti-soccer lobby, 240–44
religious (see Scottish sectarian-
class issues, 238–40
ism)
gangster rap, 14–15
Serbian, 19 (see also Serbian
globalization and, 239–40,
violence)
244–46
Ukrainian, 153–58, 165–66 (see
yuppie culture, 235–38
also Ukrainian immigrant
Amsterdam, 80–83
players)
anti-Semitism. See Jewish soccer
Bosnia, 12
anti-soccer lobby, American,
Brazilian style, 3
240–44
Brazilian top hats, 115–40
Anyamkyegh, Edward, 141, 143,
globalization and, 119–21,
144–49, 152–53, 158–59,
128–31, 134–35
161–62
Pelé and, 121–28, 131–34
Arantes do Nascimento, Edson
José Luis Portella, 139–40
(Pelé), 121–28, 131–34
Eurico Miranda, 115–19, 134–39
Arkan (Zeljko Raznatovic), 8, 10,
Budapest clubs, 85–88
17–18, 28
AS Roma club, 80, 170
capitalism
athletes, Jewish, 65–67, 70
Brazilian, 120, 125–27, 134,
Austria. See Hakoah club
139–40
English, 96–98
Balkan Wars, 7–8, 15–16, 111
globalization and, 4 (see also
Barca (FC Barcelona) club,
globalization)
193–96. See also Spanish
Italian anti-capitalism, 189–90
bourgeois nationalism
Scottish, 38–40, 46–48
Basques, 4, 205
Ukrainian, 142 INDEX
cartolas. See Brazilian top hats
ethnic warfare, 7–8, 15–16, 111.
Catalonia, 199–201, 208–9. See
See also bigotry
also Spanish bourgeois
Europe
nationalism
anti-Semitism, 70–71, 77–88
catenaccio style, 169
hooligans, 13–15
Catholicism, Ukrainian, 165–66.
See also Scottish sectarianism
fans. See also English hooligans;
Ceca, 25, 27, 30–34
Scottish sectarianism; Ser-
Celtic Football Club. See Scottish
bian violence
sectarianism
Iranian women, 217–21
Chelsea club fans, 14, 79, 89–94,
Italian, 182, 185
101, 107. See also English
Spanish, 197–98, 211–16
hooligans
FC Barcelona (Barca) club,
clubs vs. national teams, 3
193–96. See also Spanish
Collina, Pierluigi, 167–68
bourgeois nationalism
Combat 18 club, 107–8
females, Iranian, 217–21
corruption. See also Brazilian top
Ferencvaros club, 85–86
hats; Italian oligarchs
Findlay, Donald, 52–57
globalization and, 5
Flamengo club, 119–20
Serbian, 25
football. See soccer
Croatia, 12, 15–17, 20–24
football revolution, Iranian,
culture. See also American culture;
221–23, 233–34
Iranian Islamic culture;
France, 3
nationalism; Spanish bour-
Franco regime, 4, 195, 201–7
geois nationalism
Friedman, Thomas, 2
English, 97–98
globalization and, 4–5
Gaal, Louis van, 215–16
Czechoslovakia, 75–77
Gamper, Joan, 199–201
gangsterism ethos, 14–15. See also
Dinamo Zagreb club, 15–17, 21
Serbian violence
discrimination. See bigotry
Garrison, Alan, 89–96, 102–14.
Djindjic, Zoran, 32–33
See also English hooligans
Dutch soccer, 3, 80–83
Glasgow. See Scottish sectarianism
Dyminskyy, Petro, 143, 152–53
globalization. See also capitalism;
nationalism
economics. See also capitalism;
American culture and, 239–40,
corruption
244–46
English soccer, 95–96
Brazilian top hats and, 119–21,
globalization and, 4–5
134–35, 138
violence and, 14, 38
English hooligans and, 94–98
elite classes, 73, 238–40
Iranian Islamic culture and,
English hooligans, 89–114
223, 233–34
death toll of, 13–14
Italian oligarchs and, 172–73
first, and Alan Garrison,
Jewish soccer and, 70–71, 84–85
89–96, 102–14
Scottish sectarianism and,
globalization and, 3–4, 96–98
37–40, 46–48
as industry, 98–102
soccer violence and, 13–15
semi-retired aging, 109–14
Ukrainian immigrant players
Tottenham fans, 77–80
and, 141–44 INDEX
Godwin, Samson, 150–53, 164
in Nazi concentration camps,
Golac, Ivan, 162–64
75–77
Johnston, Maurice, 46–48
Hakoah club, 66–68, 69, 71–75.
Juventus club, 170–77
See also Jewish soccer
Headhunters gang, 14, 101, 107
Karpaty Lviv club, 143, 149–53, 161.
Holland, 3, 80–83
See also Ukrainian immi-
hooligans. See English hooligans;
grant players
violence
Khatami, Mohammad, 219, 231–33
Hungarian clubs, 70, 85–88
Khomeini, Ayatollah Ruhollah,
218
illiberal nationalism, 198–99
immigrant players. See Ukrainian
liberal nationalism. See Spanish
immigrant players
bourgeois nationalism
indigenous culture. See culture
literature, hooligan, 98–102
Inter Milan club, 175, 187–90
Lobanovsky, Valeri, 159–61
Iranian Islamic culture, 217–34
local culture. See culture
football revolution and, 221–23,
London. See English hooligans
233–34
Lviv. See Ukrainian immigrant
history of soccer, 223–28
players
globalization and, 233–34
Mohammad Khatami and,
Manchester City club, 79–80,
231–33
112–13
soccer control and, 229–31
Manchester United club, 3, 5, 14,
Tehran women and, 217–21
96
Ireland, 57–64
masculinity, 13–14
Islamic culture
migration, 5, 130–31. See also
bigotry and, 85, 165–66
Ukrainian immigrant players
Croatian, 12, 15–17, 20–24
Milosevic, Slobodan, 13, 18–19,
ethnic warfare and, 7–8, 15–16,
28–29
111
Miranda, Eurico, 115–19, 134–39
Iranian (see Iranian Islamic
MTK Hungaria club, 86–88
soccer)
multinational corporations, 4–5,
Israel, 81, 84, 226–27
248
Italian oligarchs, 167–92
Muslims. See Islamic culture
bribery by, 170–77
press manipulation by, 5, 170,
nationalism
172–73, 177–92
American, 246–48
referees and Italian style, 3,
English, 107–9
167–71
Hungarian, 87
Jewish, 68–70
Jewish soccer, 65–88
secular, 222–23, 234
anti-Semitism, philo-Semitism,
Serbian, 9–10, 12, 18–19, 34
and, 77–88, 109–11
soccer and, 4–6
globalization and, 70–71,
Spanish (see Spanish bourgeois
84–85
nationalism)
Hakoah club, 66–68, 71–75
Ukrainian, 155–57
Jewish athletes, 65–66
violence and, 13–14
muscular Judaism, 68–70
national teams vs. clubs, 3 INDEX
Nazi concentration camp soccer,
globalization and, 37–40,
75–77
46–48
Nigerian soccer, 141–42, 146–48,
hooligans and, 40–43
158–62. See also Ukrainian
Protestant reformation and,
immigrant players
43–46
Nordau, Max, 69
secular nationalism, 222–23, 234
Serbian violence, 7–34
Obilic club, 25–34
Arkan and, 17–25
Old Firm game, 40, 48–52, 61
Milosevic overthrow and, 28–30
oligarchs, Ukrainian, 142–44. See
Obilic club and, 25–34
also Brazilian top hats; Italian
Red Star match with Dinamo
oligarchs
Zagreb, 15–17
Ultra Bad Boys fan club, 7–13
Pahlavi dynasty, 223–28
world soccer violence and, 13–15
Partizan club, 11, 15, 19
Slovenia, 12, 20
Pelé (Edson Arantes do Nasci-
soccer
mento), 121–28, 131–34
American anti-soccer lobby,
Pellizzari, Tommaso, 187–89
240–44
philo-Semitism, 81–85
author’s experience, 1–2,
Portella, José Luis, 139–40
235–36
Protestant reformation, 36, 43–46.
bigotry and (see Jewish soccer;
See also Scottish sectarianism
Scottish sectarianism;
Ukrainian immigrant play-
racism. See bigotry
ers)
Rangers Football Club. See Scot-
corruption and (see Brazilian
tish sectarianism
top hats; Italian oligarchs)
Raznatovic, Zeljko. See Arkan
culture and (see American cul-
(Zeljko Raznatovic)
ture; Iranian Islamic culture;
Real Madrid club, 2, 3, 5, 202–4,
nationalism; Spanish bour-
211–15
geois nationalism)
Red Star club, 7–8, 12, 15–17, 19,
globalization and, 1–6 (see also
22, 27, 29–30. See also Ser-
globalization)
bian violence; Ultra Bad Boys
styles (see styles, soccer)
fan club
violence, 13–15 (see also English
referees
hooligans; Serbian violence)
Italian, 167–71 (see also Italian
Souness, Graeme, 38–39, 46–48
oligarchs)
Spanish bourgeois nationalism,
Scottish, 50–51
192–216
religious bigotry. See Scottish sec-
Barca fans and, 211–16
tarianism; Serbian violence
Catalonia, Joan Gamper, and,
Reza Shah, 223–28
199–201
Romania, 204–5
FC Barcelona (Barca) club,
193–96
Sconcerti, Mario, 182–84
Franco regime and, 201–7
Scottish sectarianism, 35–64
illiberal nationalism vs.,
Belfast and, 57–64
198–99
Glasgow Rangers-Celtic rivalry,
nonviolence of, 196–98
35–37, 48–52
Hristo Stoichkov, 207–11
Findlay bigotry and, 52–57
Stoichkov, Hristo, 207–11 INDEX
styles, soccer
Ukrainian style vs. Nigerian
Brazilian, 120
style, 158–62
Dutch, 81
Ultra Bad Boys fan club, 7–15
FC Barcelona, 196
ultras, Italian, 182
globalization and, 3
United States. See American cul-
Italian, 169, 181–82
ture
Ukrainian vs. Nigerian, 158–62,
163–64
Vasco da Gama club, 115–19,
Yugoslavian, 12
134–39
Vienna. See Hakoah club
Tehran. See Iranian Islamic cul-
violence. See also English hooli-
ture
gans; Serbian violence
Teixeira, Ricardo, 126, 132
Barcelona nonviolence, 196–98
Thatcher, Margaret,
