All this is to say that the second tactic for fighting nudges is simply to avoid them – or else they will get you eventually. As the saying goes, if you hang around in a barbershop long enough, sooner or later you’re going to get a haircut.
Of course, it is important to keep well-informed, but this is achievable without being manipulated. Avoid highly-emotional or sensationalist sources of information; in particular, avoid video content as much as possible. The moving image is more attention-grabbing, emotionally engaging, and persuasive than text; it engages pre-conscious brain systems. In short, unlike reading, video doesn’t give you the breathing room required to think critically. What’s more, reading improves cognitive function – that is, books make you smarter.
3. UPLIFT
This brings us to the third and final tactic: raising your level of consciousness. There are steps you can take in life to give yourself more conscious brainpower, enabling you to make more reasoned decisions and better resist external manipulations.
Namely, reducing cognitive load will free up your rational mind to make better decisions. To avoid being manipulated by the news, for example, be sure to avoid consuming the information when you are tired, hungry, stressed, or distracted: approach it with a clear mind. Similarly, reduce decision fatigue by minimising the amount of inconsequential choices you have to make throughout the day, and avoiding being overwhelmed with information; limiting emotional overstimulation will likewise make you less prone to emotional thinking. This means cutting down your consumption of ‘dopamine hits’ throughout the day – use social media less, eat less indulgent food, watch less television, and stop watching porn. The word decadence is derived from the word decay: the more decadent you are, the less structure you have in place, and the more liable you are to be blown this way and that by external forces. As for internal distractions, obsessive thoughts and negative emotions can be cleared away by mindfulness meditation.
Ultimately, the goal is to give your brain room to think by reducing chaos in your life. To paraphrase William H. McRaven and Jordan B. Peterson – make your bed and clean your room.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I am grateful to everyone who allowed me to interview them while researching this book. I can’t publicly thank the anonymous contributors, but you know who you are. I hope that everyone I interviewed feels that I have done justice to their expert contributions or personal stories.
In addition, I’d like to thank Patrick Fagan for providing an excerpt from an essay on how to combat nudge. Piers Robinson kindly helped me understand how the UK’s laws changed as a result of the war on terror. Gary Sidley was particularly helpful when I researched Chapter 7, ‘The tools of the trade’, and within that chapter I have referenced an excellent article by him. The ‘scientific advisor deeply embedded in Whitehall’ generously gave me lots of time, insight and information while treading the careful line of never revealing any official secrets. Thank you R. Whitehead for providing expert insight into public health and propaganda.
My thanks to all readers of this book in its various drafts for their time and suggestions, especially Lucy Easthope, Zoe Harcombe, Harrie Bunker-Smith, Piers Robinson, Fergus Drennan, Joanna Williams, and Francis Hoar.
REFERENCES
INTRODUCTION
1.assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/887467/25-options-for-increasing-adherence-to-social-distancing-measures-22032020.pdf
2.www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/
3.www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/bulletins/monthlymortalityanalysisenglandandwales/january2021
4.www.civilserviceworld.com/professions/article/government-chief-scientist-explains-lack-of-eyecatching-measures-incoronavirus-fight
5.www.kekstcnc.com/media/2793/kekstcnc_research_covid-19_opinion_tracker_wave-4.pdf
6.www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-55631693
7.www.kekstcnc.com/media/2895/kekst-cnc-covid19-opiniontracker-wave-5.pdf
8.www.cam.ac.uk/research/news/uk-public-most-concernedabout-coronavirus-more-than-spain-or-italy-study-suggests
9.www.ipsos.com/ipsos-mori/en-uk/britons-least-likely-believeeconomy-and-businesses-should-open-if-coronavirus-notfully-contained
10.www.bsg.ox.ac.uk/research/research-projects/coronavirusgovernment-response-tracker#data
11.NHS England stats to 20th January
12.Computed from Office of National Statistics data by experts at Oxford’s Centre for Evidence Based Medicine at Oxford University. Reported: www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-9157627/One-six-hospital-patients-caught-Covid-19-treated-illnessesfigures-show.html
13.www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-8539541/200-000-people-diedelays-healthcare-report-warns.html
14.www.spectator.co.uk/article/is-the-cost-of-another-lockdowntoo-high-
CHAPTER 1: FRIGHT NIGHT
1.Operation Cygnus referred to influenza, but the planning would also translate to and be effective for coronavirus. As veteran disaster planner Lucy Easthope told me, ‘There are review documents for SARS and MERS. It is a common misapprehension that we weren’t prepared for coronavirus. The effectiveness of Operation Cygnus would be effective for either. For instance, the National Risk Register of Civil Emergencies lists coronavirus and SARS in the ‘New and emerging infectious diseases’ section. Interestingly, it notes the need for contact tracing and isolation of affected individuals but not ‘lockdown’: assets. publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/211867/NationalRiskRegister2013_amended.pdf Additionally, after the SARS outbreak in Toronto, the SARS commission was published in 2007 and was known to disaster planners: www.archives.gov.on.ca/en/e_records/sars/index.html
2.www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2020/06/04/coronavirus-infectionsengland-wales-hit-peak-days-lockdown/
CHAPTER 2: FEAR SPREADS IN THE MEDIA LIKE AN AIRBORNE VIRUS
1.Video of people collapsing in China, Daily Mail: www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-7923981/Coronavirus-Disturbing-videosclaim-people-collapsing-Wuhan.html
2.www.cambridge.org/core/journals/american-political-sciencereview/article/how-the-chinese-government-fabricates-socialmedia-posts-for-strategic-distraction-not-engaged-argument/4662DB26E2685BAF1485F14369BD137C/core-reader
3.www.propublica.org/article/how-china-built-a-twitterpropaganda-machine-then-let-it-loose-on-coronavirus
4.www.tabletmag.com/sections/news/articles/china-covidlockdown-propaganda
5.www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-51828000
6.twitter.com/HuXijin_GT/status/1238864397713305600
7.www.the-sun.com/news/378365/coronavirus-patients-weldedinto-homes-in-china-as-death-toll-spirals-to-813/
8.‘Section 11: War, Terror and Emergencies - Guidelines’ from the BBC’s Editorial Guidelines
9.www.telegraph.co.uk/women/life/grimmilestone-need-glimmerhope/
10.lockdownsceptics.org/the-future-shape-of-things/
11.www.lbc.co.uk/news/matt-hancock-tells-lbc-how-filmcontagion-alerted-him-to-global-vaccine-scramble/
12.www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-54598728
13.www.pressgazette.co.uk/poll-journalists-have-not-donea-goodjob-at-covid-19-briefings-majority-of-respondents-say/
14.www.pressgazette.co.uk/press-gazette-poll-shows-half-believetrust-in-journalism-has-fallen-since-covid-19-outbreak/
15.www.pressgazette.co.uk/coronavirus-public-distrust-journalistsdespite-relying-on-news-media-for-daily-updates-surveyshows/
16.order-order.com/people/piers-morgan/
17.www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-54696873
18.www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2020/11/19/many-could-immunecovid-despite-never-having-infected-study/
19.www.acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/M20-6817
20.www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2020/05/05/britons-scaredcoronavirus-infection-rest-world/
21.www.campaignlive.co.uk/article/govt-spent-184m-covidcomms-2020/1708695
22.www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/193075/Note-tobroadcasters-Coronavirus.pdf
23.freespeechunion.org/letter-to-ofcom-following-its-decision-tosanction-itv-and-london-live/
CHAPTER 4: FEAR IS A PAGE OF THE GOVERNMENT PLAYBOOK
1.www.bi.team/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/BIT-Behavioural-Government-Report-2018.pdf
2.www.gov.uk/government/speeches/pm-global-vaccine-summitclosing-remarks-4-june-2020
3.www.city-journal.org/the-politics-of-fear
4.ibid
5.academic.oup.com/ia/article/96/3/691/5813532
6.www.cato.org/blog/chance-being-murdered-or-injured-terroristattack-united-kingdom
7.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eci.13554
8.www.who.int/bulletin/online_first/BLT.20.265892.pdf (The professor behind this study published by the World Health Organisation, Dr John Ioannidis of Stanford University, assessed IFRs with age specificity which proved very accurate by the end of the year.)
9.www.youtube.com/watch?v=LzmcHAbcoqg
10.Two discussions of the evidence: 1. ‘A city-wide prevalence study of almost 10 million people in Wuhan found no evidence of asymptomatic transmission.’ - www.bmj.com/content/bmj/371/bmj.m4851.full.pdf 2. lockdownsceptics.org/has-the-evidenceof-asymptomatic-spread-of-covid-19-been-significantlyoverstated-2/
11.www.haaretz.com/israel-news/.premium-deradicalize-israel-scovid-insurgents-before-they-incite-a-civil-war-1.9529626
12.www.thetimes.co.uk/article/uk-officials-hunt-mystery-personwho-tested-positive-for-brazilian-variant-then-vanishedxj3m6ksbp
13.assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/926410/Understanding_Cycle_Threshold__Ct__in_SARS-CoV-2_RT-PCR_.pdf
14.www.cebm.net/covid-19/infectious-positive-pcr-test-resultcovid-19/
15.www.gov.uk/government/publications/covid-19-management-ofexposed-healthcare-workers-and-patients-in-hospital-settings/covid-19-management-of-exposed-healthcare-workers-andpatients-in-hospital-settings
16.www.theportugalnews.com/news/2020-11-27/covid-pcr-testreliability-doubtful-portugal-judges/56962
17.www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2020/12/05/freedom-lovingconservative-cant-wait-get-us-back-living-personal/
18.www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/feb/27/it-is-only-amatter-of-time-before-we-turn-on-the-unvaccinated
19.www.express.co.uk/news/world/1385597/Germany-Covidangela-merkel-eu-news-coronavirus-lockdown-detentioncentre-refugee-camp
20.www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-8681001/People-wont-wearface-masks-likely-sociopaths-study-claims.html
21.www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5789790/
CHAPTER 5: THE BUSINESS OF FEAR AND THE UNELECTED PSYCHOCRATS
1.assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/744672/Improving_Peoples_Health_Behavioural_Strategy.pdf
2.www.thisismoney.co.uk/money/news/article-3202652/The-hidden-hand-pulling-financial-strings-secretive-governmentnudge-unit-tries-manipulate-behaviour-help-sinister.html
3.www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/sites/default/files/publications/MINDSPACE.pdf
4.eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/79061/2/Nudge_final_.pdf
5.publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld201012/ldselect/ldsctech/179/179.pdf
6.www.itv.com/news/2020-04-27/coronavirus-related-syndromeamong-children-may-be-emerging-alert-suggests
7.www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-52373829
8.www.societi.org.uk/kawasaki-disease-covid-19/answering-yourquestions-24-may-2020/
9.www.independent.co.uk/news/health/coronavirus-childrenhospitals-intensive-care-pims-b1796419.html
10.www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2021/01/19/children-admittedhospital-mental-health-medical-reasons-leading/
11.www.thestar.com/politics/political-opinion/2021/02/21/the-nudge-unit-ottawas-behavioural-science-team-investigateshow-canadians-feel-about-vaccines-public-health-and-who-totrust.html
12.www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/opinion/124400849/jacindaardern-is-a-great-communicator-but-clearly-not-everyoneslistening
13.gript.ie/look-for-ways-to-increase-insecurity-anxiety-anduncertainty-zero-covid-document/
14.www.welt.de/politik/deutschland/plus225868061/Corona-Politik-Wie-das-Innenministerium-Wissenschaftler-einspannte.html
15.uncommongroundmedia.com/clap-for-carers-a-show-ofsolidarity-or-sinister-submission/
16.www.bighospitality.co.uk/Article/2020/09/21/No-evidencehospitality-responsible-for-Coronavirus-transmission-spike
17.www.theguardian.com/world/2020/nov/21/england-to-enterstronger-three-tier-system-after-lockdown
18.assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/944823/Analysis_of_the_health_economic_and_social_effects_of_COVID-19_and_the_approach_to_tiering_FINAL_-_accessible_v2.pdf
19.www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/nudge-unit-davidhalpern-brexit-a8293061.html
20.www.tni.org/en/article/going-global-the-uk-governments-cveagenda-counter-radicalisation-and-covert-propaganda
21.webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20200203104056/gcs.civilservice.gov.uk/news/alex-aiken-introduces-the-rapidresponse-unit/
22.www.gov.uk/government/news/government-cracks-down-onspread-of-false-coronavirus-information-online
23.www.thetimes.co.uk/article/gchq-in-cyberwar-on-anti-vaccinepropaganda-mcjgjhmb2
24.www.middleeasteye.net/news/twitter-executive-also-part-timeofficer-uk-army-psychological-warfare-unit
25.www.gov.uk/government/groups/independent-scientificpandemic-influenza-group-on-behaviours-spi-b
CHAPTER 6: THE SPI-B ADVISORS
1.www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-54421489
2.www.nas.org/reports/the-irreproducibility-crisis-of-modernscience/full-report#ImplicationsforPolicymaking
3.www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2020/03/25/two-thirds-patients-diecoronavirus-would-have-died-year-anyway/
4.www.gov.uk/government/publications/role-of-communitychampions-networks-to-increase-engagement-in-context-ofcovid-19-evidence-and-best-practice-22-october-2020
5.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susan_Michie
6.assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/948607/s0995-mitigations-toreduce-transmission-of-the-new-variant.pdf
CHAPTER 7: THE TOOLS OF THE TRADE
1.www.theguardian.com/culture/2017/sep/04/how-we-made-dont-die-of-ignorance-aids-campaign
2.www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-9183957/NHS-workerswatching-Sin-recall-horrifying-ignorance-faced-AIDS-patients-80s.html
3.www.ft.com/content/38a81588-6508-11ea-b3f3-fe4680ea68b5
4.www.gov.uk/government/speeches/pm-address-to-the-nationon-coronavirus-23-march-2020
5.www.bi.team/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/MINDSPACE.pdf
6.www.theguardian.com/culture/2017/sep/04/how-we-made-dontdie-of-ignorance-aids-campaign
7.Drawn from MINDSPACE Influencing behaviour through public policy
8.www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/sites/default/files/publications/MINDSPACE.pdf
9.www.coronababble.com/post/how-the-mean-psychologistsinduced-us-to-comply-with-coronavirus-restrictions
10.www.ditext.com/packard/19.html
11.www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-england-london-55396770
12.pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11228916/
13.parliamentlive.tv/Event/Index/2d0e5df7-cb15-434c-89a5-579c051aa8ec
14.www.spiked-online.com/2020/10/06/the-new-covid-fines-coulddestroy-your-life/
15.assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/882722/25-options-for-increasingadherence-to-social-distancing-measures-22032020.pdf
16.news.npcc.police.uk/releases/update-on-national-crime-trendsand-fixed-penalty-notices-issued-under-covid-regulations
17.www.independent.co.uk/news/health/coronavirus-news-facemasks-increase-risk-infection-doctor-jenny-harries-a9396811.html
18.royalsociety.org/-/media/policy/projects/set-c/set-c-facemasks.pdf
19.www.chroniclelive.co.uk/news/north-east-news/face-maskscould-compulsory-shops-18598438
20.www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-9181135/amp/Government-funding-EIGHT-vaccine-passport-schemes-450-000.html
21.www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/coronavirus-uknews-professor-chris-whitty-no-masks-advice-a9374086.html
22.www.youtube.com/watch?v=PRa6t_e7dgI
23.apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/337199/WHO-2019-nCov-IPC_Masks-2020.5-eng.pdf
24.www.ecdc.europa.eu/sites/default/files/documents/covid-19-face-masks-community-first-update.pdf
25.www.independent.co.uk/news/health/face-masks-coronavirusdeath-rate-covid-matt-hancock-today-a9618306.html
26.www.gov.uk/government/publications/face-coverings-when-towear-one-and-how-to-make-your-own/face-coverings-whento-wear-one-and-how-to-make-your-own
27.www.acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/M20-6817
28.unherd.com/2021/01/inside-the-covid-ward/
29.https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-53498100
30.www.express.co.uk/news/uk/1261340/coronavirus-uk-hospitalbeds-covid19-uk-number-latest-nhs-response
31.www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-9157627/One-six-hospitalpatients-caught-Covid-19-treated-illnesses-figures-show.html
32.www.express.co.uk/news/uk/1388277/coronavirus-latestscientists-government-deadly-strain
33.www.parliament.uk/business/news/2020/february/statement-on-wuhan-coronavirus/
34.www.asa.org.uk/type/non_broadcast/code_section/04.html
35.twitter.com/CllrEjiofor/status/1338903582855278593
36.www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2021/01/21/government-discontinuecovid-ad-accusing-joggers-exercising
37.Government Communication Survey 19th-21st March 2021 conducted by Yonder for the Recovery Campaign
CHAPTER 8: CONTROLLED SPONTANEITY AND PROPAGANDA
1.www.middleeasteye.net/news/mind-control-secret-britishgovernment-blueprints-shaping-post-terror-planning
2.www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/may/24/emergency-planner-manchester-heal-terror-hurts
3.twitter.com/adilray/status/1353677950550495243
4.assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/952716/s0979-factors-influencingvaccine-uptake-minority-ethnic-groups.pdf
5.ibid
6.inews.co.uk/news/faith-leaders-vaccine-mistrust-blackminority-ethnic-hesitancy-safe-842317
7.assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/933231/S0830_SPI-B_-_Community_Champions_evidence_and_best_practice.pdf
8.www.gov.uk/government/news/community-champions-to-givecovid-19-vaccine-advice-and-boost-take-up
9.Optimizing vaccination roll out: dos and don’ts for all messaging, documents and ‘communications’ in the widest sense, published by the NHS in December 2020. Since removed from the internet.
10.www.timesofisrael.com/israel-sees-60-drop-in-hospitalizationsfor-over-60s-in-weeks-after-vaccination/
11.www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-ofyellow-card-reporting
12.fullfact.org/online/foetal-cells-covid-vaccine/
13.blogs.bmj.com/medical-ethics/2020/11/23/the-covid-19-vaccineinformed-consent-and-the-recruitment-of-volunteers/
CHAPTER 10: THE METRICS OF FEAR
1.www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2020/05/05/britons-scaredcoronavirus-infection-rest-world/
2.www.kekstcnc.com/media/2793/kekstcnc_research_covid-19_opinion_tracker_wave-4.pdf
3.www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.09.15.20191957v1.full.pdf
4.www.spectator.co.uk/article/treasury-reveals-it-didn-t-forecasteconomic-impact-of-second-lockdown
5.coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/healthcare
6.www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-9157627/One-six-hospitalpatients-caught-Covid-19-treated-illnesses-figures-show.html
7.civitas.org.uk/publications/what-price-lockdown/
8.www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2020/05/16/neil-fergusonsimperial-model-could-devastating-software-mistake/
9.www.statnews.com/2020/03/17/a-fiasco-in-the-making-as-thecoronavirus-pandemic-takes-hold-we-are-making-decisionswithout-reliable-data/
10.www.bmj.com/content/370/bmj.m3563
11.www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(05)73948-9/fulltext
12.lockdownsceptics.org/the-real-fault-with-epidemiologicalmodels/
13.www.pure.ed.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/14288330/Use_and_abuse_of_mathematical_models_an_illustration_from_the_2001_foot_and_mouth_disease_epidemic_in_the_United_Kingdom.pdf
14.www.express.co.uk/news/uk/1388099/lockdown-end-date-uklockdown-rules-covid-news-2021-rules-when-will-lockdownend
15.www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2021/04/06/government-modelswarning-third-wave-based-flawed-figures-telegraph/
16.twitter.com/SadiqKhan/status/1284035605203226625
17.cdn.doctorsonly.co.il/2020/03/COVID-19-Webcast-agenda-March28IL.pdf
18.apnews.com/article/8795470456
19.www.gov.uk/government/publications/covid-19-management-ofexposed-healthcare-workers-and-patients-in-hospital-settings/covid-19-management-of-exposed-healthcare-workers-andpatients-in-hospital-settings
20.www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-55470496
21.www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/sep/21/coronavirusbritain-vallance-whitty-fear-data-alarm
22.www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2021/01/13/uk-records-highest-reported-coronavirus-deaths-figure-of1564/
23.www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2021/01/18/analysis-second-wavenothing-like-first/
24.www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-9363137/Official-charts-laybare-impact-Covid-crisis.html
25.www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/covid-caused-more-deathsyear-23722724
26.ibid
27.lockdownsceptics.org/2021/03/16/is-covid-the-worst-infectiousdisease-in-a-century/
28.www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-directorgeneral-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---16-march-2020
29.www.who.int/news/item/19-01-2021-who-information-noticefor-ivd-users-2021-01
30.www.theportugalnews.com/news/2020-11-27/covid-pcr-testreliability-doubtful-portugal-judges/56962
31.www.independent.co.uk/news/health/coronavirus-vaccinelatest-cases-covid-19-patrick-vallance-b1159462.html
CHAPTER 11: COUNTING THE DEAD
1.www.themdu.com/guidance-and-advice/latest-updates-andadvice/certifying-deaths-during-covid-19-outbreak
2.www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/datasets/weeklyprovisionalfiguresondeathsregisteredinenglandandwales
3.tinyurl.com/463ueh37
4.Summary of report in The Daily Mail: www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-9203279/Government-estimates-220-000-true-death-tollpandemic.html
5.https://fingertips.phe.org.uk/static-reports/mortality-surveillance/excess-mortality-in-england-week-ending-01-Jan-2021.html
6.www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/causesofdeath/articles/leadingcausesofdeathuk/2001to2018
7.documents.manchester.ac.uk/display.aspx?DocID=51861
8.www.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/dtac/srb_sept2015.pdf
CHAPTER 12: THE ILLUSION OF CONTROL
1.www.itv.com/news/2021-02-17/no-covid-19-outbreaks-havebeen-linked-to-crowded-beaches-mps-told
2.coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/deaths
3.www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-55382861
4.www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/healthandwellbeing/bulletins/coronavirusandthesocialimpactsongreatbritain/8january2021
5.www.bbc.co.uk/news/55669736
6.news.sky.com/story/covid-19-in-tier-4-everybody-needs-tobehave-as-if-they-already-have-coronavirus-matt-hancocksays-12168124
CHAPTER 13: THE CLIMATE OF FEAR
1.Scapegoat Rituals in Ancient Greece, by Jan Bremmer
2.www.conservativehome.com/podcast/the-moggcast-episodefifty-three-tuesday-26th-january-2021
3.documents.manchester.ac.uk/display.aspx?DocID=51861
4.twitter.com/ClareCraigPath/status/1352516332995162112
5.www.covidfaq.co
6.www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022103120304248
7.www.bi.team/blogs/policy-tribes-how-allegiances-can-harmpolicy-making/
8.www.cnbc.com/2020/09/02/study-refusal-to-wear-face-maskassociated-with-psychopathy-traits.html
9.www.spectator.co.uk/article/why-is-youtube-so-afraid-of-freespeech-
10.www.acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/m20-6817
11.gbdeclaration.org
12.www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/jan/01/false-hopepandemic-dangerous-disinformation
13.www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/sep/29/rival-scientists-lockdowns-scientific-covid-19
14.assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/961210/S1056_Contribution_of_nosocomial_infections_to_the_first_wave.pdf
15.www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-9157627/One-six-hospitalpatients-caught-Covid-19-treated-illnesses-figures-show.html
16.www.thesun.co.uk/news/uknews/13636531/labour-leader-sirkeir-starmer-demands-full-national-lockdown/
17.‘Exclusive: Reviews of hospital-acquired covid deaths as ‘basic’ breaches found’, HSJ, 24th February 2021
CHAPTER 14: CULTS, CONSPIRACY AND PSYCHIC EPIDEMICS
1.hitchensblog.mailonsunday.co.uk/2020/07/peter-hitchens-weveall-turned-from-normal-humans-into-muzzled-masochists.html
2.www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2021/03/14/one-year-coronaviruslockdown-did-boris-johnson-take-long-tell/
3.www.independent.co.uk/news/health/covid-origin-wuhan-whoinvestigation-china-b1802081.html
4.inequality.org/great-divide/updates-billionaire-pandemic/
5.www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/10/the-rich-got-richer-duringthe-pandemic-and-that-s-a-daunting-sign-for-our-recovery/
6.www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/newsroom/news/WCMS_755875/lang--en/index.htm
7.www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2020/10/07/covid-19-to-add-as-many-as-150-million-extreme-poor-by-2021
8.www.reuters.com/article/sweden-economy/swedish-govtsees-milder-downturn-in-2020-slower-growth-next-yearidINKBN28Q1VZ
9.www.civitas.org.uk/publications/what-price-lockdown/
10.www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.11.20062133v1
11.www.weforum.org/great-reset/
12.www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/06/now-is-the-time-for-a-greatreset/
13.www.forbes.com/sites/worldeconomicforum/2016/11/10/ shopping-i-cant-really-remember-what-that-is-or-howdifferently-well-live-in-2030/
14.www.bmj.com/content/371/bmj.m4716
15.www.bmj.com/content/372/bmj.n556
16.www.bmj.com/content/372/bmj.n511
17.www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.05.13.20101253v3
CHAPTER 15: TYRANNY
1.assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/944823/Analysis_of_the_health_economic_and_social_effects_of_COVID-19_and_the_approach_to_tiering_FINAL_-_accessible_v2.pdf
2.metro.co.uk/2021/02/25/every-single-prosecution-under-thecoronavirus-act-has-been-unlawful-14143868/
3.www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-bristol-55034697
4.www.crowdjustice.com/case/lockdownlegalchallenge/
5.ukhumanrightsblog.com/2020/04/21/a-disproportionateinterference-the-coronavirus-regulations-and-the-echr-francishoar/
CHAPTER 16: TERRIFYING IMPACTS
1.assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/957265/s0980-direct-indirectimpacts-covid-19-excess-deaths-morbidity-sage-decemberupdate-final.pdf
2.www.alzheimers.org.uk/news/2020-06-05/ons-report-shows-52-increase-excess-deaths-people-dying-dementia-alzheimerssociety
3.www.spectator.co.uk/article/is-the-cost-of-another-lockdowntoo-high-
4.www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/wellbeing/
articles/coronavirusanddepressioninadultsgreatbritain/june2020
5.Government Communication Survey 19th–21st March 2021 conducted by Yonder for the Recovery Campaign
6.www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/wellbeing/articles/coronavirusanddepressioninadultsgreatbritain/june2020
7.www.autism.org.uk/what-we-do/news/coronavirus-report
8.ibid
9.www.standard.co.uk/news/health/covid-pandemic-devastatingtoll-young-people-mental-wellbeing-b900229.html
10.www.theguardian.com/society/2020/dec/27/covid-posesgreatest-threat-to-mental-health-since-second-world-war
11.bmjopen.bmj.com/content/10/11/e044276
12.www.bmj.com/content/372/bmj.n317
13.civitas.org.uk/content/files/The-cost-of-the-cure-30-November. pdf
14.www.itv.com/news/2021-01-28/increase-in-suicide-related-callsat-half-of-englands-ambulance-services-over-lockdown
15.jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-020-00319-y
16.www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpsy/article/PIIS2215-0366(20)30530-7/fulltext
17.www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/news/10-million-peopleengland-may-need-support-their-mental-health-resultpandemic-says-centre-mental-health
18.www.kcl.ac.uk/policy-institute/assets/How-the-UK-is-sleepingunder-lockdown.pdf
19.www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM199108293250903
20.www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-8846695/Nearly-27MILLIONGP-appointments-England-lost-Covid-19-pandemic.html
21.ibid
22.www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-53300784
23.www.theguardian.com/society/2020/nov/08/tens-thousandshomeless-despite-uk-ban-evictions-covid-pandemic
24.centrepoint.org.uk/about-us/blog/locked-out-youthhomelessness-during-and-beyond-the-covid-19-pandemic/
25.pesquisa.bvsalud.org/global-literature-on-novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov/resource/en/covidwho-728827
26.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm5801/cmselect/cmhaff/321/32102.htm
27.www.nelsonslaw.co.uk/panorama-domestic-abuse-lockdown/
28.www.stepchange.org/policy-and-research/debt-research/coviddebt-2020.aspx
29.www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2021/02/12/economy-shrinks-99pc-record-annual-contraction/
CHAPTER 17: WHY FEAR SHOULD NOT BE WEAPONISED
1.www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1361287/
2.parliamentlive.tv/Event/Index/2d0e5df7-cb15-434c-89a5-579c051aa8ec
3.www.bps.org.uk/sites/bps.org.uk/files/Policy%20-%20Files/BPS%20Code%20of%20Ethics%20and%20Conduct%20%28Updated%20July%202018%29.pdf
4.www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-9395215/Chris-Whittyadmits-Government-knew-lockdown-severe-effects-health.html
5.www.thedatapsychologist.com/post/crude-and-unethicalwhy-boris-johnson-was-wrong-to-try-and-terrify-us-intosubmission
6.www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-leeds-56417014
7.www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/news/10-million-peopleengland-may-need-support-their-mental-health-resultpandemic-says-centre-mental-health
8.journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2378023120969339
9.emergency.cdc.gov/coping/selfcare.asp
10.www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-9231773/Ex-MP-NORMANBAKER-reveals-day-anthrax-released-tunnel-Northern-Line.html
CHAPTER 18: HAPPY ENDINGS ARE NOT WRITTEN IN THE LANGUAGE OF COERCIVE CONTROL
1.Optimizing vaccination roll out: dos and don’ts for all messaging, documents and ‘communications’ in
