Only through scholarship is the writer capable of realistically rendering the historical world. Some of the books below were consulted prior to beginning this work in order to inspire and inform, others were read after its completion to check specific details. Most were extremely useful, and all offered something, even if their tokens wound up excised with cruel snips of the drafting process. This lamentably brief-to some, doubtlessly overlong to others-bibliography reflects of course only the specific books consulted immediately before, during, or after the drafting of the novel; many more titles I can no longer recall laid the groundwork for my understanding of the era and its beliefs.
As for the study of the Grossbarts in particular, I am strongly indebted to several esteemed specialists in the history of that ignoble line: Senor Ardanuy, Heer Dunn, Monsieur Rahimi, and Kyria Tanzer. In addition to their help with this adaptation, their previous works on the subject have been a great boon and are cited accordingly. Finally, while their works are not to be found below, the tutelage of many a non-Grossbartian historian and teacher helped me immeasurably-Steve Armstrong, Bruce Boehrer, Margaret Burkley, Roy Campbell, Ken Foster, Doug Fowler, Don Howarth, Marlow Matherne, Rod Moorer, Paul Reifenheiser, Mike Rychlik, Bawa Singh, Paul Strait, and Trisha Stapleton, to name but a few.
Allen, S.J. and Amt, Emile. The Crusades: A Reader. Canada: Broadview Press, 2003.
Ardanuy, David. Saint Hegel: The Self-Idolatry of the Righteous in Medieval Europe . Florida: Goat Head Walking, 1989.
Arikha, Noga. Passions and Tempers: A History of the Humours. New York: Ecco, 2007.
Atwood, Margaret. The Handmaid’s Tale. New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1986.
Barber, Richard (ed.). Bestiary: Being an English Version of the Bodleian Library, Oxford M.S. Bodley 764 with all the Original Miniatures Produced in Facsimile. Translated and Introduced by Richard Barber. Great Britain: The Boydell Press, 1993.
Benton, Janetta Rebold. The Medieval Menagerie: Animals in the Art of the Middle Ages. New York: Abbeville Press, 1992.
Borges, Jorge Luis with Margarita Guerrero. The Book of Imaginary Beings. Translated by Andrew Hurley, illustrated by Peter Sis. New York: Viking Penguin, 1967.
Budge, E. A. Wallis. Babylonian Life and History. New York: Barnes and Noble Books, 2005.
Caciola, Nancy. Discerning Spirits: Divine and Demonic Possession in the Middle Ages. New York: Cornell University Press, 2003.
Campbell, Michael D. “Behind the Name-the Etymology and History of First Names” (1996). http://behindthename.com.
Cantor, Norman F. The Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages. New York: Viking, 1999.
Cantor, Norman F. In the Wake of the Plague: The Black Death and the World It Made. New York: Harper Perennial, 2002.
Cavendish, Richard. The Black Arts. New York: The Putnam Publishing Group, 1983.
Collins, Robert O. The Nile . Connecticut: Yale University Press, 2002.
Constable, Giles. “The Financing of the Crusades in the Twelfth Century.” In Outremer: 68-88. Jerusalem: Yad Izhak Ben-Zvi Institute, 1982.
Contamine, Phillipe. War in the Middle Ages. Translated by Michael Jones. New York: Basil Blackwell Inc., 1984.
Curryer, Betty Nelson. Anchors: The Illustrated History. U.S. Naval Institute Press, 1999.
Dean, Trevor. Crime in Medieval Europe: 1200-1550. Great Britain: Pearson Education, 2001.
Duffy, Eamon. Saints and Sinners: A History of the Popes. Yale University Press, 1997.
Dunn, Travis. Holy Beard, Holy Grail. Italy: Garamond, 1982.
Ekirch, A. Roger. At Day’s Close: Night in Times Past. New York: W. W. Norton and Company, 2005.
Gies, Frances and Joseph. Life in a Medieval Village. New York: Harper and Row, Publishers, 1990.
Goldschmidt, Arthur. A Concise History of the Middle East . Colorado: Westview Press, 1999.
Hamilton, Bernard. The Medieval Inquisition. New York: Holmes and Meier Publishers, Inc., 1989.
Henisch, Bridget Ann. Fast and Feast: Food in Medieval Society. Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1976.
Hirst, Anthony and Silk, Michael (eds.). Alexandria , Real and Imagined. Great Britain: MPG Books, Limited, 2004.
Housley, Norman. The Avignon Papacy and the Crusades 1305-1378. Great Britain: Clarendon Press, 1986.
Houston, Mary G. Medieval Costume in England and France: The Thirteenth, Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries. New York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1996.
Hughes, Pennethorne. Witchcraft. Great Britain: Longmans, Green, 1952.
Hume, Edgar Erskine. Medical Works of the Knights Hospitallers of St. John of Jerusalem. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press, 1940.
Irwin, Robert. The Middle East in the Middle Ages: The Early Ages of the Mamluk Sultanate 1250-1382. Great Britain: Croom Helm, 1986.
Kagay, Donald J. and Villalon, L. J. Andrew. The Circle of War in the Middle Ages. Great Britain: The Boydell Press, 1999.
Kelly, John. The Great Mortality: An Intimate History of the Black Death, the Most Devastating Plague of All Time. New York: Harper Collins Publishers, Inc., 2005.
Kottenkamp, F. The History of Chivalry and Armor. New York: Portland House, 1988.
Lecouteux, Claude. Witches, Werewolves, and Fairies: Shapeshifters and Astral Doubles in the Middle Ages. Vermont: Inner Traditions, 2003.
Longrigg, James. Greek Rational Medicine: Philosophy and Medicine from Alcmaeon to the Alexandrians. Great Britain: Routledge, 1993.
Lynch, Joseph H. The Medieval Church: A Brief History. Great Britain: Longman Group UK Limited, 1992.
Maalouf, Amin. The Crusades Through Arab Eyes. Translated by Jon Rothschild. New York: Schocken Books, 1984.
Madden, Thomas F. A Concise History of the Crusades. New York: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 1999.
Manley, Deborah, Editor. The Nile: A Traveler’s Anthology. Great Britain: Cassell, 1991.
Marozzi, Justin. Tamerlane: Sword of Islam, Conqueror of the World. Massachusetts: Da Capo Press, 2004.
Morris, Jan. A Venetian Bestiary. Great Britain: Thames and Hudson, 1982.
Peters, Edward. The Magician, the Witch, and the Law. Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1978.
Rahimi, Jonathan. Eight Centuries of Exotic Easterners in Western Storytelling, from Al-Gassur to Fo Qi Shu Kai Li. Florida: Calliope Press, 1999.
Riley-Smith, Jonathan. The Oxford Illustrated History of the Crusades. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.
Russell, Jeffrey Burton and Lumsden, Douglas W. A History of Medieval Christianity: Prophecy and Order. New York: Peter Lang Publishing, Inc., 2000.
Santosuosso, Antonio. Barbarians, Marauders, and Infidels: The Ways of Medieval Warfare. Perseus Books Group, 2004.
Sayce, A. H. Lectures on the Origin and Growth of Religion as Illustrated by the Religion of the Ancient Babylonians. Great Britain: Williams and Norgate, 1888.
Schulz, Juergen. The New Palaces of Medieval Venice. Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1927.
Scott, Walter. Demonology and Witchcraft: Letters Addressed to J. G. Lockhart, Esq. New York: Bell Publishing Company, 1970.
Singman, Jeffrey L. Daily Life in Medieval Europe. Greenwood Press, 1999.
Smith, Joseph Lindon. Tombs, Temples, and Ancient Art. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1956.
Tanzer, E. M. The Mad Woman in the Hut: Gender in the Gro?e Barte Texts. Paris: Du Peltier Publishing, 2001.
Thompson, C. J. S. Mysteries and Secrets of Magic. Montana: Kessinger Publishing, LLC, 2003.
Tuchman, Barbara W. A Distant Mirror: The Calamitous Fourteenth Century. New York: Ballantine Books, 1978.
Unknown. Die Tragodie der Bruder Gro?e Barte. Germany: Gold-dammerung, 1882.
Vauchez, Andre. The Laity in the Middle Ages: Religious Beliefs and Devotional Practices. Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press, 1993.
Venit, Marjorie Susan. Monumental Tombs of Ancient Alexandria. Great Britain: Cambridge University Press, 2002.
Walker, Trevor Caleb. Black Monolith, Enter the Nexus: The Ballad of the Grossbarts. Berkeley: Dappled Unicorn Press, 1967.
Wills, Garry. Venice: Lion City: The Religion of Empire. New York: Simon and Schuster, Inc., 2001.
Wolff, Robert Lee and Hazard, Harry W. A History of the Crusades, Volume II: The Later Crusades, 1189-1311. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1969.