Biological Exuberance: Animal Homosexuality and Natural Diversity

hoofed mammals

other mammals

waterfowl

shore birds

perching birds

other birds

see also Nonconsensual sexual activity; Violence

Partner refusal, indifference (homosexual)

mammals

birds: waterfowl shore perching

see also Nonconsensual sexual activity

Partnerships (homosexual)

consortships, preferred partners, sexual friendships primates marine mammals hoofed mammals other mammals birds

mated pairs mammals birds: waterfowl shore perching other

see also Parenting; Trios, quartets

Pederasty, pedophilia see Intergenerational interactions

Penetration, cloacal contact (homosexual)

between females mammals birds

mammals: primates marine hoofed other

birds: waterfowl shore perching other

Pile-up mounts (homosexual, bisexual) mammals birds

Pirsig, Robert

Play-fighting, erotic combat (homosexual)

mammals: primates marine hoofed other

birds

Pleasure, sexual see Sexual arousal

Polyandry, polygynandry (heterosexual)

Polygamy (heterosexual)

mammals: primates marine hoofed other

birds: waterfowl shore perching other

see also Lek mating system; Polyandry; Polygyny; Promiscuous mating system; Trios, quartets

Polygyny (heterosexual)

Post-Darwinian evolution

Postreproductive individuals mammals birds

Preening see Grooming

Preference (homosexual)

competing for same-sex partners mammals birds

higher individual proportions of same-sex activity mammals birds

ignoring opposite-sex partners mammals birds

repeated same-sex pairing or mate-switching mammals birds

reuniting after separation from same-sex partner mammals birds

see also Exclusive homosexuality

Preferred partners (homosexual) see Partnerships

Pregnancy, birth, incubation, heterosexual activity during

mammals: primates marine hoofed other

birds: waterfowl shore perching other

Pregnancy, homosexual activity during

Promiscuous copulations see Nonmonogamous pair-bonds

Promiscuous mating system (heterosexual)