Hidden in Plain View: Narrative and Creative Potentials in “War and Peace” (Palo Alto: Stanford University Press, 1987), the most ambitious attempt to integrate all aspects of this novel into a living worldview.
“Anna Karenina as a Fact of Special Importance,” July–August 1877, in Fyodor Dos-toevsky, A Writer’s Diary, trans. Kenneth Lantz, 2 vols. (Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 1994), vol. II, pp. 1067–77, esp. 1071–72.
L. N. Tolstoy, Resurrection, trans. Rosemary Edmonds (London: Penguin, 1966), p. 19.
L. N. Tolstoy, “Master and Man,” in Great Short Works of Leo Tolstoy, trans. Louise Maude and Aylmer Maude (New York: Perennial Classics/HarperCollins, 2004), p. 500.
Mikhail Bulgakov, The Master and Margarita, trans. Diana Burgin and Katherine Tiernan O’Connor (New York: Vintage, 1996), ch. 23, p. 233, trans. adjusted.
See Bakhtin’s lecture “Lev Tolstoi” as noted down by R. M. Mirkina, in “Zapisi domashnego kursa lektsii po russkoi literature,” in M. M. Bakhtin: Sobranie sochi-nenii, ed. S. G. Bocharov and L. S. Melikhova (Moscow: Russkie slovari, 2000), vol. II, p. 239.
Leo Tolstoy, Anna Karenina, trans. Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky (London: Penguin, 2000), p. 186. All further references in the text are to this translation.
Aleksandr I. Solzhenitsyn, The Cancer Ward, trans. Rebecca Frank (New York: Dell Publishers, 1968), p. 310.
Bruce Weston, “Leo Tolstoy and the Ascetic Tradition,” Russian Literature Triquar-terly 3 (1972), 297–308.
Makar Devushkin to Varvara Alekseyevna, 8 July, in Fyodor Dostoevsky, Poor Folk, trans. Robert Dessaix (Ann Arbor, MI: Ardis, 1982), p. 80.
Conversation recorded by I. Teneromo and first published in English in the New York Times, January 31, 1937, in Jay Leyda, KINO: A History of the Russian and Soviet Film [1960] (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1983), pp. 410–11, esp. 410.
“The Raid,” from Leo Tolstoy, The Raid and Other Stories, trans. Louise Maude and Aylmer Maude (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1982), p. 25.
This seminal reading is by Gary Saul Morson, “The Reader as Voyeur: Tolstoi and the Poetics of Didactic Fiction” [1978], repr. in Tolstoy’s Short Fiction, ed. Michael R. Katz, Norton Critical Edition (New York: Norton, 1991), pp. 379–94.
Margo Rosen, “Natasha Rostova at Meyerbeer’s Robert le Diable,” Tolstoy Studies Journal 17 (2005): 71–90.
Mikhail Bakhtin, “Discourse in the Novel,” in The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays by M. M. Bakhtin, trans. Michael Holquist and Caryl Emerson (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1981), pp. 286–88.
Nikolai Nekrasov, “O pogode” (1859), Part I, “Ulichnye vpechatleniia,” “Do sumerek,” 2, Sobranie sochinenii (Moscow: Khudozhestvennaya literatura, 1971), vol. I, pp. 292–93. The poem “Yesterday . . .” is on p. 94.
Notes to pages 156–69 261
Chekhov to Aleksei Suvorin, March 27, 1894, in Anton Chekhov, A Life in Letters, p. 324.
For a discussion of early parodies, see Karl D. Kramer, “Literary Parodies,” ch. 2,
? The Chameleon and the Dream: The Image of Reality in Cexov’s Stories (The Hague:
Mouton, 1970), especially pp. 31–33.
See the ruminations by Leonid Heifetz, “Notes from a Director: Uncle Vanya,” in The Cambridge Companion to Chekhov, ed. Vera Gottlieb and Paul Allain (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000), pp. 91–101, esp. 98. This Companion, edited by two drama professionals, is devoted entirely to the plays. My discussion of Chekhov in chapter 6 reverses that priority and attends almost exclusively to Chekhov as short-story writer.
Anton Chekhov, “The Lady with the Little Dog,” in About Love and Other Stories, trans. Rosamund Bartlett (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004), p. 173.
Anton Chekhov, “Enemies,” The Tales of Chekhov, vol. XI The Schoolmaster and Other Stories, trans. Constance Garnett (New York: Ecco Press, 1986), p. 32.
Chekhov, “About Love,” in About Love and Other Stories, p. 166.
Chekhov, “The Lady with the Little Dog,” p. 183.
7 Symbolist and Modernist world-building
Dmitri Merezhkovskii, “O prichinakh upadka, i o novykh techeniyakh sovremen-noi russkoi literatury” [1893], Polnoe sobranie sochinenii (Moscow, 1913), vol. XV, p. 259.
Ilya Vinitsky, “Where Bobok Is Buried: The Theosophical Roots of Dosto-evskii’s ‘Fantastic Realism’,” Slavic Review 65.3 (Fall 2006): 523–43, especially 536–37.
For a survey of the institutions, philosophers, and literary critics who challenged positivism during these years, see Randall A. Poole, “Editor’s Introduction: Philosophy and Politics in the Russian Liberation Movement,” in Problems of Idealism: Essays in Russian Social Philosophy, trans. and ed. Randall A. Poole (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2003), pp. 1–83.
See Vladimir Solovyov, Lectures on Divine Humanity, trans. Peter Zouboff, rev. and ed. Boris Jakim (Hudson, NY: Lindisfarne Press, 1995).
See Edith W. Clowes, The Revolution of Moral Consciousness: Nietzsche in Russian Literature, 1890–1914 (De Kalb, IL: Northern Illinois University Press, 1988), esp. chs. 2 and 3 (on Nietzsche’s philosophy and its eccentric reception in Russia) and ch. 5 (on Russia’s “mystical symbolists”). Quoted phrases on p. 15.
Irina Paperno, “Nietzscheanism and the return of Pushkin in twentieth-century Russian culture (1899–1937),” in Nietzsche and Soviet Culture: Ally and Adversary, ed. Bernice Glatzer Rosenthal (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994), pp. 211– 32, esp. 213.
262 Notes to pages 169–79
January 16,1900, in Tolstoy’s Diaries ed. and trans. R. F. Christian, vol. II: 1895-1910 (New York: Scribner’s Sons, 1985), p. 475. See also the discussion of this letter and its context in Clowes, The Revolution of Moral Consciousness, pp. 67-70.
See Anna Geifman, Thou Shalt Kill: Revolutionary Terrorism in Russia, 1894-1917 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1993), esp. chs. 1 and 5 (on the criminal, psychopath, and juvenile components of the “new terrorism”).
9Evgeny Zamyatin, “On Literature, Revolution, Entropy, and Other Matters,” in
A Soviet Heretic: Essays by Yevgeny Zamyatin, ed. and trans. by Mirra Ginsburg
(Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1970), pp. 107-12, esp. 107-08.
See the discussion of Bely’s 1909 essay “The Magic of Words” and its reflection in Bely’s novel in Vladimir E. Alexandrov, “Petersburg,” Andrei Bely: The Major Symbolist Fiction (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1985), pp. 101-52.
A lucid discussion can be found in J. D. Elsworth, “Bely’s Theory of Symbolism,” ch. 1, Andrey Bely: A Critical Study of the Novels (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983), pp. 7-36.
See Richard A. Gregg, “Two Adams and Eve in the Crystal Palace: Dostoevsky, the Bible, and We,” in Major Soviet Writers: Essays in Criticism, ed. Edward J.
