3. Azbuka report, 4 November 1918: P. N. Vrangel Collection (HIA), box 28, folder 30.
4. Meeting of Russian delegation in Iasi with Allied emissaries, 17 November 1918: P. N. Vrangel Collection (HIA), box 36, folders 16 and 18.
5. A. Ransome, The Truth about Russia (Workers’ Socialist Federation: London, 1918), pp. 3–4.
6. D. Marquand, Ramsay MacDonald, pp. 225–6.
7. A. Milner to C. Nabokoff, 22 December 1918: Milner Papers, c. 696, fol. 168.
8. R. H. Ullman, Anglo-Soviet Relations, 1917–1921, vol. 2: Britain and the Russian Civil War, November 1918–February 1920, pp. 59–64.
9. House of Commons Debates, 14 November 1918, cols 3015–17.
10. R. H. B. Lockhart, Memorandum on the Internal Situation in Russia, in British Documents on Foreign Policy, Part 2: The Soviet Union, 1917–1939, vol. 1: Soviet Russia and her Neighbours, Jan. 1917–Dec. 1919, pp. 34–44.
11. R. H. Bruce Lockhart to A. J. Balfour, 7 November 1918: Robert Hamilton Bruce Lockhart Papers (HIA), box 12.
12. The Diaries of Robert Bruce Lockhart, 1915–1938, p. 47.
13. Ibid.
14. Ibid.
15. M. Gilbert, Winston S. Churchill, vol. 4: The World in Torment, 1917–1922, p. 227.
16. R. Quinault, ‘Churchill and Russia’, War and Society, no. 1 (1991), pp. 102– 7.
17. D. R. Francis, Russia from the American Embassy, April 1916–November 1918, p. viii.
18. New York Times, 15 December 1919: reported testimony of S. Nuorteva to the Lusk Committee.
19. Ibid.
20. Washington Post, 6 August 1917.
21. The Bullitt Mission to Russia: Testimony before the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, of William C. Bullitt, pp. 1–2.
22. Harold Kellock (Finnish Information Bureau, New York) to Lincoln Steffens, 22 April 1918, p. 2: Russian Subject Collection (HIA).
23. Bolshevik Propaganda: Hearings before a Subcommittee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, Sixty-Fifth Congress, Third Session and Thereafter Pursuant to Senate Resolutions 439 and 469 — February 11, 1919 to March 10, 1919, pp. 5–6.
24. Ibid., p. 82.
25. Ibid., pp. 19–20, 80–1 and 84.
26. Ibid., pp. 109 and 115.
27. Ibid., pp. 112, 114 and 156.
28. Ibid., pp. 379–82.
29. Ibid., pp. 383–4.
30. Ibid., pp. 468 and 472.
31. Ibid., p. 590.
32. Ibid., pp. 641–2 and 669.
33. Ibid., p. 837.
34. New York Times, 22 February 1919.
35. Ibid.
36. Ibid., 23 February 1919; V. V. Aldoshin, Yu. V. Ivanov, V. M. Semenov and V. A. Tarasov (eds), Sovetsko-amerikanskie otnosheniya: gody nepriznaniya, 1918–1926, p. 19 (Rhys Williams testimonial letter of appointment).
37. See S. White, Britain and the Bolshevik Revolution, pp. 175–7, for the general trend.
18. The Paris Peace Conference
1. R. Lansing, The Big Four and Others of the Peace Conference, pp. 38–9.
2. Ibid., p. 41.
3. Ibid., pp. 57–8.
4. J. M. Keynes, The Economic Consequences of the Peace, p. 16.
5. New York Times, 22 January 1919.
6. Bullitt’s notes in The Bullitt Mission to Russia: Testimony before the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, of William C. Bullitt, p. 7.
7. Ibid., pp. 7–9 and 10–11.
8. H. Hoover, The Ordeal of Woodrow Wilson, pp. 116–17.
9. New York Times, 21 January 1919.
10. Ibid., 22 January 1919; Manchester Guardian, 23 December 1918.
11. The Bullitt Mission to Russia: Testimony before the Committee on Foreign Relations, pp. 1–2.
12. R. Lansing, diary entry, 22 January 1919: Robert Lansing Papers (HIA).
13. The Bullitt Mission to Russia: Testimony before the Committee on Foreign Relations, pp. 21–3.
14. A. Ransome, Russia in 1919, pp. 1 and 3; The Bullitt Mission to Russia: Testimony before the Committee on Foreign Relations, pp. 5–6.
15. The Papers of Woodrow Wilson, 1856–1924, vol. 53, pp. 492–4. See D. S. Foglesong, America’s Secret War against Bolshevism: U.S. Intervention in the Russian Civil War, 1917–1920, p. 279.
16. The Bullitt Mission to Russia: Testimony before the Committee on Foreign Relations, pp. 5–6.
17. (H. Nicolson), The Harold Nicolson Diaries: 1907–1963, 24 January 1919.
18. W. S. Churchill, The World Crisis, vol. 4: The Aftermath, p. 173.
19. Ibid., p. 174.
20. H. Wilson to A. Milner, 12 January 1919: Milner Papers, dep. 46/1, fol. 107.
21. Churchill, The World Crisis, vol. 4: The Aftermath, p. 173.
22. Ibid., p. 174.
23. Ibid., p. 176.
24. The Bullitt Mission to Russia: Testimony before the Committee on Foreign Relations, pp. 3–5.
25. Ibid., pp. 34–6.
26. Ibid., p. 37; P. H. Kerr (Paris) to Sir R. Graham: minute, 11 July 1919, Documents on British Policy Overseas, no. 105169/43654/38.
27. The Bullitt Mission to Russia: Testimony before the Committee on Foreign Relations, p. 39.
28. Ibid., p. 44.
29. A. Ransome, Russia in 1919, p. 231.
