Stalin: A Biography

31. S. M. Budennyi, Proidennyi put’, vol. 2, pp. 310–11.

32. Ibid., p. 303.

33. See N. Davies, White Eagle, Red Star, pp. 218–19.

34. RGASPI, f. 17, op. 3, d. 103, item 1a.

35. Ibid., item 5.

36. See above, pp. 172–3.

37. Thus he attended the Politburo on 25 and 26 August, 6, 14, and 15 September 1920: RGASPI, f. 17, op. 3, d. 104–9.

38. Ibid., d. 106, item 19.

39. Ibid., item 10.

40. Ibid., d. 107, item 2; d. 108, item 1.

41. Ibid., d. 108, item 9.

42. Ibid., f. 44, op. 1, d. 5, pp. 33, 35 and 36.

43. Devyataya Konferentsiya RKP(b), p. 26.

44. Ibid., p. 79.

45. C. Zetkin, Erinnerungen an Lenin (Vienna, 1929), pp. 20–1; I. V. Stalin, Sochineniya, vol. 4, pp. 323–4 and 333.

46. Devyataya Konferentsiya RKP(b), p. 82.

47. This is essentially what Trotski did at the Tenth Party Congress at the end of the ‘trade union discussion’ and indeed what Lenin pre-emptively sought to do at the Ninth Party Congress.

48. See above, p. 170.

49. Birthday speech for Lenin: Pravda, 24 April 1920.

50. See R. C. Tucker, Stalin as Revolutionary, pp. 122–30.

17. With Lenin

1. A. Mikoyan, Mysli i vospominaniya o Lenine, p. 139.

2. See R. Service, Lenin: A Political Life, vol. 3, pp. 181 and 207.

3. RGASPI, f. 558, op. 1, d. 5193, p. 2.

4. Ibid. Stalin wrote on Rabkrin letter-paper, perhaps aiming to show to Lenin that he had plenty of other work to carry out: ibid., p. 1.

5. Politburo minutes, 24 November 1921: ibid., f. 17, op. 3, d. 234, item 10.

6. RGASPI, f. 46, op. 1, d. 3, p. 18.

7. Ibid.

8. Ibid., f. 5, op. 2, d. 8, p. 24.

9. See R. Service, The Bolshevik Party in Revolution, chaps. 5–7.

10. Molotov. Poluderzhavnyi vlastelin, p. 261.

11. Odinnadtsatyi s”ezd RKP(b), pp. 84–5; RGASPI, f. 17, op. 2 d. 78, item 1-i-b, p. 1.

12. Molotov. Poluderzhavnyi vlastelin, p. 240: this was Molotov’s recollection in old age.

13. See the discussion at the Central Committee plenum, 3 April 1922: RGASPI, f. 17, op. 2, d. 78, item 1 (i/b).

14. A. Mikoyan, Tak bylo, p. 369.

15. See above, pp. 63, 128 and 168–9.

16. Bol’shevistskoe rukovodstvo. Perepiska, 1912–1927, p. 214.

17. Ibid., p. 227.

18. N. A. Uglanov, ‘Vospominaniya’, Vospominaniya o Vladimire Il’iche Lenine, vol. 7, p. 72.

19. See R. Service, Lenin: A Biography, pp. 248 and 293–4.

20. RGASPI, f. 16, op. 3s, d. 20, p. 61.

21. ‘Vospominaniya M.I. Ul’yanovoi’: ibid., pp. 11–12.

22. Reports by the head of Lenin’s special guard unit: ibid., op. 2s, d. 39, pp. 26, 45, 55, 61, 76 and 89.

23. Ibid., f. 17, op. 2, d. 25993.

24. Ibid.

25. ITsKKPSS, no. 4 (1991), p. 188. Lenin was willing to allow Kamenev, Zinoviev and Tomski to become ‘candidate members’ only.

26. Politburo minutes, 10 November 1921: RGASPI, f. 17, op. 3, d. 228, item 2.

27. See above, pp. 179–80.

28. ITsKKPSS, no. 9 (1989), pp. 195, 197 and 198.

29. Ibid., pp. 195 and 197.

30. Ibid., pp. 198–9.

31. Ibid., p. 200.

32. V. I. Lenin, Polnoe sobranie sochinenii, vol. 45, p. 211.

33. Ibid., pp. 211–12.

34. RGASPI, f. 64, op. 2, d. 7, p. 133.

35. ITsKKPSS, no. 9 (1989), p. 209.

36. For the argument that Lenin and Stalin in 1922–3 agreed on primary questions see R. Service, Lenin: A Political Life, vol. 3, pp. 298–303.

18. Nation and Revolution

1. See above, pp. 63, 128 and 168–9.

2. S. Pestkovskii, ‘Vospominaniya o rabote v Narkomnatse (1917–1919 gg.)’, p. 128.

3. Ibid.

4. E. Olla-Reza, Azarbaidzhan i Arran, pp. 28–31. I am grateful to Ali Granmayeh for his advice on this matter.

5. GARF, f. R-130, op. 2, d. 2(5): Sovnarkom sessions of 7, 21 and 30 December 1918.

6. ITsKKPSS, no. 9 (1989), p. 199.

7. RGASPI, f. 17, op. 3, d. 15, item 3: joint session of Politburo and Orgburo, 19 July 1919.

8. Vos’moi s”ezd RKP(b), p. 425.

9. RGASPI, f. 17, op. 2, d. 48, p. 1; see also ibid., pp. 3–4.

10. See G. P. Lezhava, Mezhdu Gruziei i Rossiei, p. 69.

11. Definitive resolutions of territorial matters sometimes had to await Stalin taking the case to the Politburo: see for example RGASPI, f. 17, op. 3, d. 58, item 28.

12. ITsKKPSS, no. 2 (1990), 164 and no. 7 (1990), p. 163.

13. RGASPI, f. 17, op. 112, d. 93, p. 30.

14. Ibid., p. 33.

15. Quoted by R. Kh. Gutov, Sovmestnaya bor’ba narodov Tereka za Sovetskuyu vlast’, p. 469.

16. See also above, p. 169.

17. RGASPI, f. 17, op. 112, d. 43, p. 33.

18. Desyatyi s”ezd RKP(b), p. 184.

19. Ibid., pp. 184–5.