24. Curis Regis Rolls, x, 293; Bracton’s Note Book, ed. F. W. Maitland (London 1887), ii, 159–60, 196; J. Brundage, ‘The Crusader’s Wife: A Canonistic Quandary’, Studia Gratiana, 12 (1967), 427–41.
25. Cheney and Semple, Selected Letters of Innocent III, pp. 144–7.
26. Christiansen, The Northern Crusades, p. 98.
27. J. D. Mansi, Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio, xxii (Venice 1778), cols. 231–3.
28. For a full contemporary account, Arnold of Lubeck, Chronica Slavorum, pp. 195–212; cf. Waitz, Chronica Regia Colonensis, pp. 157– 61.
29. Nicetas, pp. 261–3.
30. Jaffe, Regesta Pontificum Romanorum, ii, nos. 17,226, 17,270, 17,274; Ralph of Diceto, Ymagines Historiarum, Opera Historica, ed. Stubbs, ii, 132–5; Waitz, Chronica Regia Colonensis, p. 157.
31. Edbury, Conquest of Jerusalem, p. 139 and, generally, pp. 136–45.
32. Arnold of Lubeck, Chronica Slavorum, p. 195.
33. On these negotiations, Edbury, Cyprus, p. 33 and refs.
34. Die Register Innocenz’ III, ed. O. Hageneder et al. (Graz- Cologne, Rome and Vienna 1964–), i, no. 336; cf. Roger of Howden, Chronica, iv, 70– 75.
35. Geoffrey of Villehardouin, The Conquest of Constantinople, trans. M. R. B. Shaw (London 1963), p. 29.
36. Runciman, History of the Crusades, iii, 130.
37. J. Crosland, William Marshal: Knighthood, War and Chivalry (London 2002), pp. 78–81; Histoire de Guillaume le Marechal, ed. P. Meyer (Paris 1891– 1901), ll. 11,373–688.
38. See Innocent III’s letter, 5 November 1198, C. Tyerman (ed.), An Eyewitness History of the Crusades, Folio Society (London 2004), iv, The Fourth Crusade, 4.
39. Roger of Howden, Chronica, iv, 76–7.
40. James of Vitry, Historia Occidentalis, pp. 89–90; cf. pp. 96–101; for Fulk, see Roger of Howden, Chronica, iv, 76–7; Ralph of Coggeshall, Chronicon Anglicanum, ed. J. Stevenson, Rolls Series (London 1875), pp. 80–83, 130, 131 for a very flattering account; Winchester Annals, Annales Monastici, ed. Luard, ii, 67–8 for a hostile view; Villehardouin, Conquest, pp. 29, 38; Robert of Clari, The Conquest of Constantinople, trans. E. H. McNeal (New York 1966), pp. 31, 34, 38.
41. According to Gunther of Pairis, Capture, p. 67.
42. Robert of Clari, Conquest, p. 31 and p. 38 for the alleged use of Fulk’s money; James of Vitry, Historia Occidentalis, p. 101. For other accounts of Fulk, his controversial personality and the disposal of his money, see the Devastatio Constantinopolitana, the account of the crusade by the so-called Anonymous of Soissons, and the colourful chronicle by the Cistercian Alberic of Trois Fontaines, trans. A. J. Andrea, Contemporary Sources for the Fourth Crusade (Leiden 2000), pp. 213, 233, 293; and Mas-Latrie, Chronique d’Ernoul, p. 233.
43. Tyerman, England and the Crusades, pp. 160–70 and refs.
44. Roger of Howden, Chronica, iv, 111; J. and L. Riley-Smith, Crusades, pp. 145–8.
45. Innocent III, Hageneder et al., Register, i, no. 555; ii, no. 212; E. Kennan, ‘Innocent III and the First Political Crusade’, Traditio, 27 (1971), 231–49; N. Housley, ‘Crusades against Christians’, Crusade and Settlement, ed. Edbury, pp. 27– 8.
16: The Fourth Crusade: Preparations
1. Villehardouin, Conquest, p. 93. In general, D. E. Queller and T. F. Madden, The Fourth Crusade: The Conquest of Constantinople (Philadelphia 1997); M. Angold, The Fourth Crusade (London 2003).
2. At least once he rather belatedly found out about the violence and pillage, see his letter of 12 July 1205, translated in Andrea, Sources, pp. 163–8.
3. Andrea, Sources, p. 294.
4. Villehardouin, Conquest, pp. 29–31.
5. J. and L. Riley-Smith, Crusades, pp. 145–8.
6. For Germany, Gunther of Pairis, Capture, pp. 67–72 and p. 149 note 28 and ref. For the British Isles, Tyerman, England and the Crusades, pp. 96, 160, 162, 163, 167, 168, 170; A. Macquarrie, Scotland and the Crusades, pp. 32–3.
7. Andrea, Sources, pp. 19–21.
8. Ralph of Coggeshall, trans. Andrea, Sources, p. 280; Mas- Latrie, Chronique d’Ernoul, p. 338; cf. Devastatio Constantinopolitana, trans. Andrea, Sources, p. 213.
9. Gunther of Pairis, Capture, pp. 67–77, 149 note 28; placing the sermon less plausibly given the subsequent chronology of Martin’s crusade in 1200, C. Maier, ‘Kirche, Kreuz und Ritual’, Deutches Archiv fur Erforschung des Mittelalters, 55 (1999); Villehardouin, Conquest, pp. 38–9, 51.
10. Gunther of Pairis, Capture, p. 68.
11. Villehardouin, Conquest, p. 29.
12. For biographical information, J. Longnon, Les Compagnons de Villehardouin (Geneva 1978).
13. Robert of Clari, Conquest, pp. 33–4, 102, 117–18.
14. Deeds of the Bishops of Halberstadt, trans. Andrea, Sources, p. 246 and, generally, pp. 246–64.
15. Andrea, Sources, p. 250.
16. Hugues de Berze, S’Onques nus hom pour dure departie, written in Lombardy in June 1202, Bedier and Aubry, Chansons, pp. 126–9.
17. Andrea, Sources, p. 186.
18. Villehardouin, Conquest, pp. 36–7; Robert of Clari, Conquest, p. 34; J. and L. Riley-Smith, Crusades, p. 147 (‘in stipendia bellatorum’ in Latin, Roger of Howden, Chronica, iv, 111); Andrea, Sources, p. 188.
19. Villehardouin, Conquest, pp. 40–41, 52–3.
20. A. Wauters (ed.), Table chronologique des chartes et diplomes imprimes concernant l’histoire de la Belgique (Brussels 1866–1965), iii, 174.
21. Andrea, Sources, p. 247.
22. Tyerman, England and the Crusades, p. 96 and p. 400, note 35 and refs.; Baldwin, The Government of Philip Augustus, pp. 96 and 480 note 62.
23. Tyerman, England and the Crusades, p. 191.
24. According to the contemporary Devastatio
