spectator, while another tries to grab it. The proletarian invitation to join in the delights of wine is painted with a brilliance unequalled by any other Latin painter of the seventeenth century. Yet the emphasis of the solidity of flesh and rough clothing shows that Velazquez is a Mediterranean painter.
The
After the second trip to Italy (1649-51) Velazquez painted his most complex imaginary picture, based on the myth of Arachne,
Velazquez's masterpiece, and one of the most extraordinary paintings of the seventeenth century is
Velazquez had no immediate followers, but the painters of succeeding centuries such as Goya and Manet highly esteemed him.
Make sure you know how to pronounce the following words:
Velazquez; Madrid; Seville; Philip; Mediterranean; crown; Order; Santiago; Chamberlain; Arachne; Goya; Manet
The Weavers – «Пряхи»
Las Meninas – «Менины»
I. Read the text. Make sure you understand it. Mark the following statements true or false
1. For twenty years Velazquez painted King Philip iv and members of the royal family and court.
2. Velazquez adopted the characteristic machinery of allegorical figures, utilized by most Catholic painters of the seventeenth century.
3. Velazquez's
4. The
5. In
6. In
II. How well have you read? Can you answer the following questions?
1. Where was Velazquez trained? What position did he obtain at the court?
2. Whose works did Velazquez distaste and whose paintings did he admire? What did Caravaggesques realism mean to Velazquez?
3. What did Velazquez depict in the Triumph of Bacchus? What shows that Velazquez is a Mediterranean painter?
4. What is pictured in the
5. What makes
6. What does
III. I. Give Russian equivalents of the following phrases:
to be appointed court painter; to settle permanently in; royal household; to get the rank of; Court Chamberlain; a residence attached to the palace; members of the royal family and court; the integrity of one's style; the characteristic devices; allegorical figures; to be attached to nature; freedom of the brush; throughout the life; principles of composition; Caravaggesques realism; numerous reminiscences; a Mediterranean painter; to fall under the influence of; the studio in the royal palace; to work upon a canvas; to create the illusion of form unique in scale; to pay the painter a visit; dwarfs; to honour the painter with the presence; informality of the subject; interlocking pyramids.
II. Give English equivalents of the following phrases:
целостность стиля; иллюзия формы; члены королевской семьи и двора; принципы композиции и рисунка; предшествующий век; получить должность; придворный художник; ряд пересекающихся пирамид; карлики; в светотени; аллегорические образы; типичные атрибуты; гофмейстер; свобода мазка; многочисленные цитаты из; постоянно поселиться в; трактовка направления; средиземноморский художник; уникальная по масштабу картина; почтить своим присутствием студию художника.
III. Make up sentences ofyour own with the given phrases.
IV. Arrange the following in the pairs of synonyms:
a) local; court; trip; interpret; supreme; reminiscences; dwarfs; demonstrate; appoint; attain;
b) royal household; render; exquisite; quotations; Lilliputians; show; place; gain; journey; native.
IV. Here are descriptions of some of Velazquez's works of art. Match them up to the given titles…
1. The mirror alongside the door re- flects the King and Queen, who honour the painter with their presence.
2. Crowned with wine leaves himself he mischievously puts a crown upon a kneeling worshiper.
3. The painting is noted for its clas- sical equilibrium.
4. This painting is one of the most significant of Velazquez's mythological works.
a. Triumph of Bacchus
b. Surrender of Breda
c. The Weavers
d. Las Meninas
V. Translate the text into English.
Диего Родригос де Сильва Веласкес – выдающийся художник «золотого испанского века», родился в Севилье, учился у местного художника Франсиско Пачеко.
В 1626 г. Веласкес переехал в Мадрид и стал придворным художником короля Филиппа IV. В 1627 г. художник получил звание гофмейстера. После знакомства с Рубенсом, который посетил Испанию в 1628 г. Веласкес отправился в Италию, где провел три года. Работы итальянских художников оказали большое влияние на Веласкеса. Его стиль стал более свободным и блестящим, колорит менее темным в тенях.
В конце 20-х годов Веласкес написал картину «Вакх». Эту мифологическую сцену он интерпретировал как жанровую. Идеализации нет даже в фигуре самого Вакха. Контрасты света и тени, золотистый тон – все