The Emotion Machine

In Expression of The Emotions In Man And Animals

32

In §6-3 we’ll say more about what sometimes makes a goal feel like a force.

33

Ronald Melzack and Patrick Wall, in “Pain Mechanisms: A New Theory”, Science, 150, p. 975, 1965.

34

For example, see www.umass.edu/preferen/mpapers/SingerEmpathy.pdf

35

in “Why you can’t build a machine that feels pain,” Brainstorms, Bradford Books, 1978. This is an ironic title for the deeper idea that ‘pain’ is a suitcase word that comprises so many ideas and processes that it does not make much technical sense to speak of it as definite kind of entity.

36

See “Pain: Past, Present and Future, “ Ronald Melzack, Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology 1993, 47:4, 615-629.

37

Marian Osterweis, Arthur Kleinman, and David Mechanic, “Pain and disability: Clinical, Behavioral, and Public Policy Perspectives.” National Academy Press, 1987

38

F.M. Lewis, “Experienced personal control and quality of life in late stage cancer patients. Nursing Research, 31(2) 113-119, 1982

39

—From a letter to Lord Alfred Douglas, written during Wilde’s imprisonment in Reading.

40

See http://www.counselingforloss.com/article8.htm.

41

“Touched With Fire: Manic-Depressive Illness and the Artistic Temperament,” pp 47-48, The Free Press, Macmillan, New York, 1993.

42

Kay Redfield Jamison, “Manic-Depressive Illness and Creativity,” Sci. Amer., Feb. 1995 V. 272 No. 2 Pp. 62- 67

43

Most animals simply do not have the high-level resources that people have, and this makes it risky to apply to ourselves what we learn from laboratory animals.

44

“Duplication describes a remedy for this.”

45

Thus, to ascend from the top of Kilimanjaro to the summit of, say, Mt. Everest, you would have to climb down and then up again.