The Borgias

Patrimony of St Peter, ref 1, ref 2. see also Papal States

Paul, St, ref 1

Paul II, Pope, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5

Paul III, Pope, ref 1

Pepi, Francesco, ref 1, ref 2

Perauld, Bertrand, ref 1

Perugia, ref 1, ref 2

Pesaro, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8

Peter, St, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7

Petrarch, Francesco, ref 1

Petrucci, Pandolfo, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

Philargos, Petros, ref 1

Piacentini, Pio, ref 1

Piacenza, ref 1

Piazza Navona (Rome), ref 1

Piccolomini, Enea Silvio, ref 1, ref 2. see also Pius II, Pope

Piccolomini, Francesco Todeschini, ref 1, ref 2

Pieve, ref 1

Pilate, Pontius, ref 1

Pinturicchio of Perugia, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

Pio, Alessandro, ref 1

Piombino, ref 1, ref 2

Pisa, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4

Pius II, Pope, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; accession to papacy, ref 1; background of, ref 1; Rodrigo Borgia and, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; death of, ref 1

Pius III, Pope, ref 1

Pius V, Pope, ref 1

plague, ref 1, ref 2

Plautus, ref 1

Podocatharo, Ludovico, ref 1

Poggio, Cristoforo, ref 1

poisoning, ref 1

Ponte Sisto (Rome), ref 1

Praxiteles, ref 1

Preti, Donato de, ref 1

Prignano, Bartolomeo, ref 1

Procida, Gasparo di, Count of Aversa, ref 1, ref 2

Prosperi, Bernardino di, ref 1, ref 2

prostitution, ref 1

Ramires, Diego, ref 1

Raphael, ref 1

Ravenna, Battle of, ref 1, ref 2

Reggio Emilia, ref 1, ref 2

Renaissance, ref 1

Renee of France, ref 1

Riario, Girolamo, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

Riario, Pietro, ref 1

Riario, Raffaello, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

Rignano, Domenico da, ref 1

Rimini, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6

Romagna: Borgia control of, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13

Rome: Alexander VI brings order to, ref 1; Cesare Borgia returns to, ref 1; Carnival in, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; Charles VIII of France invades, ref 1; Exposition of the Vernicle (1455), ref 1; in the fifteenth century, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; in the fourteenth century, ref 1; invasion of 1413, ref 1; Jubilee (1500) and, ref 1; rebuilding under Sixtus IV, ref 1

Rovere, Francesco della, ref 1. see also Sixtus IV, Pope

Rovere, Giovanna, ref 1

Rovere, Giuliano della, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13. see also Julius II, Pope; Alexander VI versus, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; as cardinal, ref 1, ref 2; France and, ref 1, ref 2

Ruiner, ref 1

St Peter’s (Rome), ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9

Sancia of Aragon. see Borgia, Sancia

Sangallo, Antonio da, ref 1, ref 2

San Giacomo degli Spagnuoli (Rome), ref 1

San Giovanni in Laterano, Church of (Rome), ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6

San Lorenzo convent (Rome), ref 1

San Marco, ref 1

San Paolo fuori le Mura, ref 1

Sanseverino, Cardinal, ref 1

Santacroce, Jacopo di, ref 1

Santa Maria della Febbre, ref 1

Santa Maria delle Grazie, ref 1

Santa Maria del Popolo (Rome), ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8

Santa Maria in Porticu (Rome), ref 1, ref 2

Santa Maria Maggiore, ref 1, ref 2

Santa Maria sopra Minerva, Church of (Rome), ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4

Santi Apostoli, ref 1

Santino (dwarf), ref 1, ref 2

Santi Quattro Coronati, Church of, ref 1

Sanudo, Marin, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4

Savonarola, Girolamo, ref 1, ref 2

Scalona, Gian Carlo, ref 1

seduction, ref 1

Senigalla, ref 1, ref 2

Serra, Jaime, ref 1

Sforza, Ascanio, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13; election of Alexander VI and, ref 1; as vice-chancellor of the Holy See, ref 1

Sforza, Beatrice d’Este, ref 1, ref 2

Sforza, Galeazzo Maria, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

Sforza, Gian Galeazzo, ref 1

Sforza, Giovanni, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7; divorce from Lucrezia Borgia, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4; as Lord of Pesaro, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4; marriage to Lucrezia Borgia, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

Sforza, Lucrezia. see Borgia, Lucrezia

Sforza, Ludovico, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11; described, ref 1; Ferrante I versus, ref 1; as ruler of Milan, ref 1

Sforza-Riario, Caterina, ref 1

Siena, ref 1