the Siege of Kars (London, 1856), pp. 104 ff.; Papers Relative to Military Affairs in Asiatic Turkey and the Defence and Capitulation of Kars: Presented to Both Houses of Parliament by Command of Her Majesty (London, 1856), p. 251; C. Badem, ‘The Ottomans and the Crimean War (1853–1856)’, Ph.D. diss. (Sabanci University, 2007), pp. 197–223.
43
Mosse, ‘How Russia Made Peace’, pp. 302–3.
44
Baumgart, The Peace of Paris 1856, pp. 5–7.
45
BLMD, Add. MS 48579, Palmerston to Clarendon, 25 Sept. 1855.
46
Argyll, Duke of, Autobiography and Memoirs, 2 vols. (London, 1906), vol. 1, p. 492; The Greville Memoirs 1814–1860, ed. L. Strachey and R. Fulford, 8 vols. (London, 1938), vol. 7, p. 173.
47
BLMD, Add. MS 48579, Palmerston to Clarendon, 9 Oct. 1855.
48
C. Thoumas, Mes souvenirs de Crimee 1854–1856 (Paris, 1892), pp. 256–60; Lettres d’un soldat a sa mere de 1849 a 1870: Afrique, Crimee, Italie, Mexique (Montbeliard, 1910), pp. 106–8; Loizillon, La Campagne de Crimee, pp. xvii–xviii.
49
A. Gouttman, La Guerre de Crimee 1853–1856 (Paris, 1995), p. 460; L. Case, French Opinion on War and Diplomacy during the Second Empire (Philadelphia, 1954), pp. 39–40; R. Marlin, L’Opinion franc-comtoise devant la guerre de Crimee, Annales Litteraires de l’Universite de Besancon, vol. 17 (Paris, 1957), p. 48.
50
W. Echard, Napoleon III and the Concert of Europe (Baton Range, La., 1983), pp. 50–51.
51
Gouttman, La Guerre de Crimee, p. 451; A. J. P. Taylor, The Struggle for Mastery in Europe 1848–1918 (Oxford, 1955), p. 78.
52
Mosse, ‘How Russia Made Peace’, p. 303.
53
BLMD, Add. MS 48579, Palmerston to Clarendon, 1 Dec. 1855; Baumgart, The Peace of Paris, p. 33.
54
Mosse, ‘How Russia Made Peace’, p. 304.
55
Ibid., pp. 305–6.
56
Ibid., pp. 306–13.
57
Boniface, Campagnes de Crimee, p. 336.
58
D. Noel, La Vie de bivouac: Lettres intimes (Paris, 1860), p. 254.
59
Liaskoronskii, Vospominaniia, pp. 23–4.
CHAPTER 12. PARIS AND THE NEW ORDER
1
E. Gourdon, Histoire du Congres de Paris (Paris, 1857), pp. 479–82.
2
W. Baumgart, The Peace of Paris 1856: Studies in War, Diplomacy and Peacemaking (Oxford, 1981), p. 104.
3
P. Schroeder, Austria, Great Britain and the Crimean War: The Destruction of the European Concert (Ithaca, NY, 1972), p. 347; BLMD, Add. MS 48579, Palmerston to Clarendon, 25 Feb. 1856.
