землевладения, последние надо квалифицировать как «революционная земельная реформа», отличая ее таким образом от земельной реформы мирными методами.
(36) Приведены цитаты, последовательно, из: Henderson, р. 1956–1957; Lloyd I. Rudolph and Susanne Hoeber Rudolph, «Toward Political Stability in Underdeveloped Countries: The Case of India», Public Policy (Cambridge, Graduate School of Public Administration, 1959), 9,166; Royal Institute of International Affairs, Agrarian Reform in Latin America (London, Oxford University Press, 1962), p. 14; Charles J. Erasmus, «A Comparative Study of Agrarian Reform in Venezuela, Bolivia and Mexico», in Dwight B. Heath, Charles J. Erasmus, Hans С Buechler, Land Reform and Social Revolution in Bolivia (unpublished manuscript, University of Wisconsin, Land Tenure Center, 1966), p. 708–709.
(37) Stolypin, цит. у William Henry Chamberlin, «The Ordeal of the Russian Peasantry», Russian Review, 14 (October 1955), p. 297.
(38) Цитаты и данные взяты у Wolfe, p. 360–361.
(39) Mosse, p. 60; Jerome Blum, Lord and Peasant in Russia (Princeton, Princeton University Press, 1961), p. 592.
(40) Thomas F. Carroll, «Land Reform as an Explosive Force in Latin America», in TePaske and Fisher, p. 84.
(41) Doreen Warriner, Land Reform and Development in the Middle East, (2d ed. London, Oxford University Press, 1962), p. 208–209.
(42) Cm. Sidney Klein, The Pattern of Land Tenure Reform in East Asia After World War II (New York, Bookman, 1958), p. 230, 250; R. P. Dore, Land Reform in Japan (New York, Oxford University Press, 1959).
(43) Gabriel Baer, A History of Landownership in Modern Egypt, 1800– 1950 (London, Oxford University Press, 1962), p. 13 ff. Мое рассмотрение египетского примера базируется в основном на этой книге.
(44) Ibid., р. 214–215, 220–222.
(45) Премьер-министр Али Амини, цит. по: Donald N. Wilber, Contemporary Iran (New York, Praeger, 1963), p. 126.
(46) Edwin Lieuwen, Generals vs. Presidents, p. 47, 74–84.
(47) Tad Szulc, The Winds of Revolution (New York, Praeger, 1964), p. 182–183.
(48) Gregory Henderson, «Korea: The Politics of the Vortex» (неопубликованная работа, Harvard University, Center for International Affairs, 1966), p. 413, 425–426, 447.
(49) John Duncan Powell, «The Politics of Agrarian Reform in Venezuela: History, System and Process» (Ph.D. thesis, University of Wisconsin, 1966), p. 176–177.
(50) Цит. в: Erasmus, p. 725.
(51) Организация Объединенных Наций, Департамент экономических и социальных проблем, Progress in Land Reform: Third Report (United Nations, 1962), p. 22.
(52) Jean Grossholtz, Politics in the Philippines (Boston, Little Brown, 1964), p. 71.
(53) Hirschmann, p. 155–156; Carroll, p. 107–108.
(54) Hirschman, p. 142, 157; Премьер-министр Амини, цит. no Jay Walz, New York Times, May 30,1961, p. 2.
(55) Walter С Neale, Economic Change in Rural India (New Haven, Yale University Press, 1962), p. 258.
(56) Wolf Ladejinsky, A Study on Tenurial Conditions in Packaya Districts (New Delhi, Government of India Press, 1965), p. 9.
(57) J. Lossing Buck, «Progress in Land Reform in Asian Countries», in Walter Froehlich, ed., Land Tenure, Industrialization and Social Stability: Experience and Prospects in Asia (Milwaukee, Marquette University Press, 1961), p. 84.
(58) The Economic Weekly (Bombay), Feb. 1964, p. 156, цит. no: Wayne Wilcox, «The Pakistan Coup D'Etat of 1958», Pacific Affairs, 38 (Summer 1965), p. 153.
(59) Erasmus, p. 787.
7. Партии и политическая стабильность
(1) Leonard В. Schapiro, The Communist Party of the Soviet Union (New York, Random House, 1960), p. 258.
(2) Philip Rudolph, North Korea's Political and Economic Structure (New York, Institute of Pacific Relations, 1959), p. 61.
(3) Raymon Vernon, The Dilemma of Mexico's Development (Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1963), p. 59.
(4) M. Corpierre, «Le totalitarism africain», Preuves, 143 (January 1963), 17, цит. no: Immanuel Wallerstein, «The Decline of the Party in Single-Party African States», La Palombra and Weiner, eds., Political Parties and Political Development, p. 204.
(5) George Washington, Letter to Jay, November 1, 1794, Writings (W.C.Ford ed., New York, Putnam's, 1891), 12, 486.
(6) Lord Bolingbroke, «The Idea of a Partiot King», Works (London, Hansard and Sons, 1809), 4, 280–281.
(7) Maurice Duverger, Political Parties (New York. John Wiley, 1954), p. 426.
(8) Washington, «Farewell Address», in Ford, ed., 13, 304.
(9) См.: Myron Weiner and Joseph LaPalombara, «The Impact of Parties on Political Development», in LaPalombara and Weiner, p. 400.
(10) Edwin Lieuwen, Generals vs. Presidents, p. 61.
(11) Luis Munoz Marin, New York Times, Dec. 27,1964, p. 43.
(12) Philip E. Converse, «The Nature of Belief Systems in Mass Publics», in David Apter, ed., Ideology and Discontent (New York, The Free Press, 1964), p. 248–249.
(13) William J. Foltz, «Building the Newest Nations: Short-Run Strategies and Long-Run Problems», in Karl W. Deutsch and William J. Foltz, eds., Nation-Building (New York, Atherton Press, 1963), p.121.
(14) Ibid., p. 123–124.
(15) Цит. no: Caridad С Semana, «Some Political Aspect of Philippine Economic Development After independence» (Ph. D. dissertation, Harvard University, 1965), p. 166.
(16) William N. Chambers, Political Parties in a New Nation (New York, Oxford University Press, 1963), p. 26.
(17) Keith Gallard, Political Forces in Pakistan, 1947–1959 (New York, Institute of Pacific Relations, 1959), p. 24–25.
(18) David A. Wilson, Politics in Thailand (Ithaca, Cornell University Press, 1962), p. 68.
(19) Henderson, Korea: The Politics of the Vortex, p. 288; David Abernethy, «Education and Politics in a Developing Society: The Southern Nigerian Experience» (Ph.D. dissertation, Harvard University, 1965), p. 331.
(20) См., например, обсуждение американского опыта в: Chambers, р. 32–33.
(21) Rupert Emerson, «Nation-Building in Africa», in Deutsch and Foltz, p. 110–111
(22) Термины взяты у Rajni Kothary, «The Congress 'System' in India», Asian Survey, 4 (December 1964), 1161 ff. См. также. Abernethy, p. 482–489.
(23) David Donald, An Excess of Democracy (Inaugural Lecture, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1960), p. 17.
