Matt Ridley

4. Wolf 1966, 1970; Degler 1991:

5. Daly and Wilson 1983:

NOTES

::: 365 :::

6. Shepher 1983:

7. Thornhill 1989b:

8. Thorpe 1954, 1961:

9. Marler and Tamura 1964:

10. Slater 1983:

11: Seid 1989:

12. Washington Post, 28 July 1992: 13. Frisch 1988; Anderson and Crawford 1992: 14: Smuts 1993:

15. Elder 1969; Buss 1992:

16. Ellis 1992:

17. Fisher 1930:

18. D: Singh, interview.

19. Low, Alexander, and Noonan 1987; Leakey and Lewin 1992; D: Singh, interview:

20. Ellis 1905:

21. The same idea—that fair hair is a sexually selected trait—has been put forward by Jonathan Kingdon recently; see Kingdon 1993: 22. Kingdon 1993:

23. This is a further reason that I am not convinced by Helen Fisher's (1992) theory that human pair bonds lasted about four years on average: 24. R: Thornhill, interview:

25. Galton 1883:

26. See 'No Better Than Average' by M: Ridley, Science 257:328: 27. Dickemann 1979:

28. Buss 1992; Gould and Gould 1989:

29. Berscheid and Walster 1974; Gillis and Avis 1980; Ellis 1992; Shellberg 1992:

30. Sadalla, Kenrick, and Vershure 1987; Ellis 1992: 31. Daly and Wilson 1983:

32. Daly and Wilson 1983:

33. Ellis 1992: The other facts in this paragraph are from Trivers 1985; Ford and Beach 1951; Pratto, Sidanius, and Stallworth 1992; and Buss 1989: 34. Bell 1976:

35. Symons 1992; R: Alexander, interview:

36. Fallon and Rozin 1985:

37. Ellis 1905:

38. Low 1979:

39. Bell 1976:

40. Darwin 1871:

41. B: Ellis, interview:

::: 366 :::

NOTES

Chapter 1 o: The Intellectual Chess Game I: Connor, Smolker, and Richards (1992) argue that the social complexity of dolphin species roughly correlates with brain size. Bottle-nosed dolphins seem to be the most socially complex and the largest- brained species of all: 2. Johansen and Edey 1981.

3. Tooby and Cosmides 1992:

4. Bloom 1992; Pinker and Bloom 1992:

5. Gould 1981:

6. Fox 1991:

7. Durkheim 1895:

8. Brown 1991:

9. Mead 1928:

10. Wilson 1975:

I I: Gould 1978:

12: Gould 1987:

I 3: Pinker and Bloom 1992: