George F. Kennan : an American life

3 ASK interview, August 26, 1982, p. 1; Alice Green certificate, Cours des Billettes, Paris, June 20, 1928, JEK Papers. The birth date is from a baptismal certificate attached to the American Consular Service Certificate of Marriage, ibid.

4 ASK interview, August 26, 1982, pp. 3–4; ASK Diary and Memorandum Book for 1931, JEK Papers.

5 ASK to GFK, undated, JEK Papers; GFK Diary, May 7, 1932; GFK, Memoirs, I, 38– 39; ASK interview, August 26, 1982, p. 4.

6 GFK, Memoirs, I, 39–40; ASK Diary, September 11, 1931, JEK Papers; GFK to JKH, October 18, 1931, GFK Papers, 23:10. See also GFK Diary, October 3, 1932.

7 GFK, Memoirs, I, 40; ASK interview, December 14, 1987, p. 2.

8 Ibid., p. 8; GFK to Jeanette and Gene Hotchkiss, November 1, 1931, GFK Papers, 23:10; GFK, Memoirs, I, 40–41.

9 GFK to JKH, October 18, 1931, GFK Papers, 23:10. See also GFK, Memoirs, I, 40.

10 ASK to JKH, January 28, 1932, JEK Papers; GFK, Memoirs, I, 41.

11 ASK to GFK, undated, JEK Papers; CKB interview, p. 9; ASK interview, December 14, 1987, p. 5.

12 KKK to GFK, January 14, 1932, JEK Papers. See also JKH interview, pp. 7–9, and KWK interview, pp. 2– 3.

13 Eugene Hotchkiss to GFK, March 20, 1932, JEK Papers; JKH to JLG, July 8, 1983, JLG Papers. For more on the “match king,” see Economist 385 (December 22, 2007), 115–17.

14 JKH interview, p. 10; GFK to JKH, June 24, 1932, and December 25, 1935, GFK Papers, 23:10; ASK interviews, August 26, 1982, p. 5, and December 14, 1987, p. 8; JEK to JLG, April 4, 2008, JLG Papers.

15 GFK Diary, May 29, 1932.

16 Ibid., June 13, 1932.

17 Ibid., March 24, 1932; GFK and ASK interview, December 13, 1987, pp. 13– 15.

18 GFK Diary, June 14, 1932.

19 Ibid., January 1933, otherwise undated portion titled “Pocket Notebook.”

20 GFK Diary, April 7, July 13, August 4, 1932.

21 “Memorandum for the Minister,” August 19, 1932, enclosed in dispatch #650 from Robert F. Skinner to the State Department, DSR-DF 1930-39, 861.5017 Living Conditions/510; GFK to JLG, February 12, 2001, JLG Papers. I am indebted to David C. Engerman for bringing this document to my attention. His own evaluation of it is in his book Modernization from the Other Shore, pp. 254–55.

22 GFK, Memoirs, I, 28–30; T. W. Wilson report on the American legation in Riga, Latvia, February 20, 1929, section III, Department of State, Inspection Reports, 1906–39, Box 128.

23 ASK to GFK, November 8, 1932, JEK Papers.

24 For the pressures leading to recognition, see Saul, Friends or Foes?, pp. 254–90; and, for the State Department perspective, Henderson, Question of Trust, pp. 213– 29.

25 GFK, Memoirs, I, 41; ASK to JKH, February 8, 1933, JEK Papers.

26 GFK Diary, January 1933, otherwise undated portion titled “Personal Notebook”; GFK to JKH, March 21, 1933, GFK Papers, 23:10.

27 GFK to JKH, May 1 and June 3, 1933, ibid.

28 Skinner to State Department, September 10, 1932, enclosing GFK memorandum on “The Gold and Foreign Currency Accounts of the Russian Government,” and Castle to Skinner, December 6, 1932, DSR-DF 1930–39, 851.51/2539; Skinner to GFK, ibid., 123K36/128. See also GFK, Memoirs, I, 49–52, 58.

29 KKK to GFK, January 29, 1933, and ASK to JKH, August 4, 1933, JEK Papers; Cole to State Department, September 23, 1933, DSR-DF 1930–39, 123K36/134.

30 Henderson interview, September 25, 1982, p. 1; J. V. A. MacMurray to State Department, January 9, 1934, DSR-DF, 123K36/151. See also, for similar speculation on Kennan’s motives for returning, Isaacson and Thomas, Wise Men, pp. 155–57.

31 ASK interview, August 26, 1982, p. 5; GFK to JKH, October 26, 1933, GFK Papers, 23:10; JKH to GFK, November 2 and 5, 1933, JEK Papers; “Daughter-in-Law Greeted at Tea,” Milwaukee Journal, November 4, 1933, clipping in JKH Scrapbook.

32 GFK to JKH, December 14, 1933, KKK to GFK, November 24, 1933, JEK Papers.

33 GFK, “Introduction” [to Bullitt, For the President], pp. v–vi. For Bullitt, see Brownell and Billings, So Close to Greatness, and Cassella-Blackburn, The Donkey, the Carrot, and the Club. The Wilson biography did not appear until shortly before Bullitt’s death in 1967.

34 GFK unpublished 1938 memoir, “Fair Day Adieu,” p. 1, GFK Papers, 240:2; GFK to family, December 2, 1933, JEK Papers.

35 ASK interview, December 14, 1987, p. 15; GFK, “Introduction,” p. xv.

36 GFK to JKH, January 6, 1934 [misdated 1933], JEK papers.

37 Ibid., GFK to Charles James, July 29, 1934, GFK Papers, 22:4; GFK to JKH, January 25, 1934, ibid., 23:10. The newspaper photos are in a family album in the JEK