On Killing

• maximum-range killing, 107-08

• midrange killing, 110-12

• sexual range, 134-37

physical revulsion, 115, 236, 241, 295

physiological exhaustion, 69-71

piercing, of enemy’s body, 120-21

pikes, use of, 120, 154

pilots

• combat addiction of, 234, 235

• killing by, 30, 59-60, 79, 107, 110, 181-82, 184

police. See law-enforcement agencies

political will, for war, 340

post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), 77, 281-89

• intensity of trauma and, 283, 285

• killing and, 282-84

• manifestations of, 282

• medical personnel, 335

• of nonkillers, 284-85

• social support and, 283, 285, 287, 289, 334-35, 345

• treatment of, 293

• of Vietnam veterans, 47, 48, 248, 279, 282, 287-89, 291, 344

• of World War II veterans, 285-87

posturing, 5-9, 11, 12, 13, 21, 71, 126-27, 181

poverty, effect of, 303

Pratchett, Terry, 340-41

prisoners of war

• bombing of, 57-58, 79

• executions of, 216

• fears of, 57-58

• murder of, 199-205, 209

• uses of, 204-05

proximity of medical treatment, 49, 269

Prussian military, 10-11, 19

psychiatric casualties, 43-50, 94-96. See also post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD); trauma, psychological

• civilian victims of war, 55-57

• drugs to treat, 270-71

• fear as cause of, 51-66

• guilt and, 91

• loss of fortitude and, 83

• manifestations of, 45-48

• medical personnel, 62-64, 335

• naval combat, 58-59

• officers, 64-65

• patrols behind enemy lines, 60-62

• prisoners of war, 57—58

• treatment of, 48-50, 293

• Vietnam War, 269, 277-78

• World War II, 269

psychological distance, 128, 160, 169, 324. See also emotional distance, effect of

psychopaths, aggressive, 50, 61, 124, 180-85, 189, 235

• as Nazi death camp officers, 78-79

• post-war behavior of, 181

psychotic personality, 48

PTSD. See post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

punishment justification, 165, 167, 339

Q

quick kill, 253, 257

R

racism, effect of, 303. See also cultural distance

raids behind enemy lines, 60-61

Rand Corporation air-raid study, 56, 65

rape, 77, 137, 210-11, 220-21, 285

rationalization and acceptance

• of killing, 231, 233, 237-40, 243, 262-80, 343

• of not killing, 233

rear, attack from, 81. See also safe areas

recent loss, effect of, 179, 189, 330, 342

reconnaissance patrols, 60

refugees, 81

religiosity, extreme, 48

Remarque, Erich Maria, 125

remorse. See guilt

resensitization, 325-32

reserve forces, 71

responsibility, diffusion of, 225, 295, 303. See also group absolution

rest and recuperation, 49

revenge, 179, 320

Revolutionary War, U.S., 166

Rhodesia, 178-79, 258, 340

Richardson, Frank, 116

rifled muskets, 18-19

rifles, 9

Rogel, William, 232

role models, 303, 317-23

Roman military forces, 121, 145-46, 154, 336

Rorkes Drift battle, 11

Rosenthal, A. M., 327

Roupell, George, 12, 333

Rwanda, 121