On Killing

Ryan, Cornelius, 211

S

safe areas, 263, 267-68, 287-88

sailors. See naval personnel

Santoli, Al, 267

scapegoats, 210-11

schizoid trends, 48

screams. See noise

Seaton, Albert, 211

secret police, 210

self-deception, 33

self-defense, 173, 174, 195

self-inflicted wounds, 78

self-preservation, 27, 225, 226

Seligman, Martin, 81

senses, effect of combat on, 74-75

Sepoy Mutiny, 121, 162

sexuality, 31-32

• aggression and, 134-37

• piercing of enemy’s body, sexual

• connotations of, 121

sexual range, killing at, 134-37

Shalit, Ben, 31, 52-53, 136, 144, 151, 156, 161, 171, 173, 187, 189, 273, 317

Sherman, William Tecumseh, 74

shoot-no shoot program, 257, 260, 315

Sidney, Philip, 85

Skinner, B. F., 177, 252, 253, 255, 313, 316, 340

sleep, lack of, 71-72

Slim, Field Marshal, 112, 235

smell, sense of, 74

smoothbore muskets, 10, 19

snipers, 108-09, 336, 340

• combat fixation of, 235

• training of, 254-55

• in Vietnam War, 172-73

social distance, 158, 160, 167-69, 188, 209

social learning, 303, 306, 317-22

social support structure, 264, 274-80, 293, 294, 334-35, 340-41. See also condemnation, of Vietnam veterans

• for leaders, 91

• post-traumatic stress disorder and, 283, 285, 287, 289, 345

• for World War II veterans, 286-87

sociopaths, 180, 182-83, 185, 321, 340

Soldier of Fortune magazine, 343

Somalia, 258

Somme, Battle of, 122

Soviet Union, 212, 215

spears, use of, 120-21

special forces, 61, 68, 129, 180, 257

Spiegel, H. X., 335

stabbing, 98, 336

Staff, Peter, 109-10

Stellman, Jeanne and Steven, 283, 284, 293

Stewart, Harry, 116, 336

Stockholm syndrome, 159

Stouffer, S. A., 53, 162, 344, 345

Strasser, Peter, 164

Strategic Bombing Survey, U.S., 80

stress, combat, 36, 44-45, 48, 61-62, 66, 76

• aggression and, 77

• exhaustion and, 70

• fear as factor in, 52, 53

• psychiatric casualties caused by, 95

• training for, 68, 81-82

• in Vietnam War, 271

Stuart-Smyth, Alan, 146, 217-21

sublimation, 324-25

submarine crews, 108

submission, 5—6, 15, 21-25, 71

suicides, 78, 150

• of leaders, 148

• mass, 150

• murder-suicides, 241-43

• of Vietnam veterans, 290, 345

Summers, Harry, 258

superego, 37

surrender, 147-48, 150, 174, 175-76, 199-201

sustained combat. See continuous combat

Swank, R. L., 43-44, 61, 180, 181, 184, 189, 235

swords, use of, 121

sympathetic nervous system, 70

T

tank fire, 108

target attractiveness, model of, 171, 295, 341

taste, sense of, 74

Taylor, James, 200

technological advantages, 172

technological distance, 169-70

teenagers, in Vietnam War, 264-65, 287

television, violence in, 261, 302, 308-11, 325-30, 347

terrorism, 207-08, 225