Rodney Tiffen, News and Power (Sydney: Allen and Unwin, 1989), among others. For the purposes here, the differences between these analyses are not important. For many other sources, see James R. Bennett, Control of the Media in the United States: An Annotated Bibliography (Hamden, CT: Garland, 1992).
Lee and Solomon (see note 2), pp. 340-358.
John Keane, The Media and Democracy (London: Polity Press, 1991).
Brian Martin, “Communication technology and nonviolent action,” Media Development, Vol. 43, No. 2, 1996, pp. 3-9.
David Andrews, The IRG Solution: Hierarchical Incompetence and How to Overcome It (London: Souvenir Press, 1984).
Ivan Illich, Tools for Conviviality (London: Calder and Boyars, 1973).
Jerry Mander, Four Arguments for the Elimination of Television (New York: William Morrow, 1978).
Fred Emery and Merrelyn Emery, A Choice of Futures: To Enlighten or Inform (Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff, 1976).
Frances Moore Lappe and Family, What to Do After You Turn Off the TV: Fresh Ideas for Enjoying Family Life (New York: Ballantine Books, 1985); Martin Large, Who’s Bringing Them Up? Television and Child Development (Gloucester: Martin Large, 1980).
Todd Gitlin, The Whole World is Watching: Mass Media in the Making and Unmaking of the New Left (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1980).
Marc Raboy, Movements and Messages: Media and Radical Politics in Quebec (Toronto: Between the Lines, 1984).
John Downing, Radical Media: The Political Experience of Alternative Communication (Boston: South End Press, 1984); Edward Herman, “Democratic media,” Z Papers, Vol. 1, No. 1, January-March 1992, pp. 23-30. For further references see James R. Bennett (seenote 4).
On nonviolent action, see Virginia Coover, Ellen Deacon, Charles Esser and Christopher Moore, Resource Manual for a Living Revolution (Philadelphia: New Society Publishers, 1981); Per Herngren, Path of Resistance: The Practice of Civil Disobedience (Philadelphia: New Society Publishers, 1993); George Lakey, Powerful Peacemaking: A Strategy for a Living Revolution (Philadelphia: New Society Publishers, 1987); Gene Sharp, The Politics of Nonviolent Action (Boston: Porter Sargent, 1973).
Dorothy Nelkin, Science as Intellectual Property: Who Controls Research? (New York: Macmillan, 1984).
Richard Dunford, “The suppression of technology as a strategy for controlling resource dependence,” Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 32, 1987, pp. 512-525.
Peter Drahos, “Global property rights in information: the story of TRIPS at the GATT,”