The History of Rome. Book II

6. I. XV. Masks.

7. II. VIII. Police f.

8. I. XV. Melody.

9. A fragment has been preserved: Hiberno pulvere, verno luto, grandia farra Camille metes We do not know by what right this was afterwards regarded as the oldest Roman poem (Macrob. Sat. v. 20; Festus, Ep. v. Flaminius, p. 93, M.; Serv. on Virg. Georg, i. 101; Plin. xvii. 2. 14).

10. II. VIII. Appius Claudius.

11. II. VIII. Rome and the Romans of This Epoch.

12. The first places in the list alone excite suspicion, and may have been subsequently added, with a view to round off the number of years between the flight of the king and the burning of the city to 120.

13. I. VI. Time and the Occasion of the Reform, II. VII. System of Government.

14. II. VIII Rome and the Romans of This Epoch. According to the annals Scipio commands in Etruria and his colleague in Samnium, and Lucania is during this year in league with Rome; according to the epitaph Scipio conquers two towns in Samnium and all Lucania.

15. I. XI. Jurisdiction, second note.

16. They appear to have reckoned three generations to a hundred years and to have rounded off the figures 233 1/3 to 240, just as the epoch between the king's flight and the burning of the city was rounded off to 120 years (II. IX. Registers of Magistrates, note). The reason why these precise numbers suggested themselves, is apparent from the similar adjustment (above explained, I. XIV. The Duodecimal System) of the measures of surface.

17. I. XII. Spirits.

18. I. X. Relations of the Western Italians to the Greeks.

19. The 'Trojan colonies' in Sicily, mentioned by Thucydides, the pseudo-Scylax, and others, as well as the designation of Capua as a Trojan foundation in Hecataeus, must also be traced to Stesichorus and his identification of the natives of Italy and Sicily with the Trojans.

20. According to his account Rome, a woman who had fled from Ilion to Rome, or rather her daughter of the same name, married Latinos, king of the Aborigines, and bore to him three sons, Romos, Romylos, and Telegonos.  The last, who undoubtedly emerges here as founder of Tusculum and Praeneste, belongs, as is well known, to the legend of Odysseus.

21. II. IV. Fruitlessness of the Celtic Victory.

22. II. VII. Relations between the East and West.

23. II. VII. The Roman Fleet.

24. II. II. Political Value of the Tribunates, II. II. The Valerio-Horatian Laws.

25. I. XIV. Corruption of Language and Writing.

26. In the two epitaphs, of Lucius Scipio consul in 456, and of the consul of the same name in 495, -m and -d are ordinarily wanting in the termination of cases, yet Luciom and Gnaivod respectively occur once; there occur alongside of one another in the nominative Cornelio and filios; cosol, cesor, alongside of consol, censor; aidiles, dedet, ploirume (= plurimi) hec (nom. sing.) alongside of aidilis, cepit, quei, hic. Rhotacism is already carried out completely; we find duonoro (= bonorum), ploirume, not as in the chant of the Salii foedesum, plusima. Our surviving inscriptions do not in general precede the age of rhotacism; of the older -s only isolated traces occur, such as afterwards honos, labos alongside of honor, labor; and the similar feminine praenomina, Maio (= maios maior) and Mino in recently found epitaphs at Praeneste.

27. Litterator and grammaticus are related nearly as elementary teacher and teacher of languages with us; the latter designation belonged by earlier usage only to the teacher of Greek, not to a teacher of the mother-tongue. Litteratus is more recent, and denotes not a schoolmaster but a man of culture.