The History of Rome. Book II

28. It is at any rate a true Roman picture, which Plautus (Bacch. 431) produces as a specimen of the good old mode of training children: [...] ubi revenisses domum, Cincticulo praecinctus in sella apud magistrum adsideres; Si, librum cum legeres, unam peccavisses syllabam, Fieret corium tam maculosum, quam est nutricis pallium.

29. I. XIV. The Oldest Italo-Greek Calendar.

30. I. XIV. The Oldest Italo-Greek Calendar.

31. I. XV. Plastic Art in Italy.

32. II. VIII. Building.

33. II. VIII. Building.

34. I. XV. Earliest Hellenic Influences.

35. I. VII. Servian Wall.

36. I. XV. Earliest Hellenic Influences.

37. The round temple certainly was not, as has been supposed, an imitation of the oldest form of the house; on the contrary, house architecture uniformly starts from the square form. The later Roman theology associated this round form with the idea of the terrestrial sphere or of the universe surrounding like a sphere the central sun (Fest. v. rutundam, p. 282; Plutarch, Num. 11; Ovid, Fast. vi. 267, seq.). In reality it may be traceable simply to the fact, that the circular shape has constantly been recognized as the most convenient and the safest form of a space destined for enclosure and custody. That was the rationale of the round thesauroi of the Greeks as well as of the round structure of the Roman store-chamber or temple of the Penates. It was natural, also, that the fireplace - that is, the altar of Vesta - and the fire-chamber - that is, the temple of Vesta - should be constructed of a round form, just as was done with the cistern and the well-enclosure (puteal). The round style of building in itself was Graeco- Italian as was the square form, and the former was appropriated to the store-place, the latter to the dwelling- house; but the architectural and religious development of the simple tholos into the round temple with pillars and columns was Latin.

38. I. XV. Plastic Art in Italy.

39. II. V. Complete Submission of the Campanian and Volscian Provinces.

40. I. XII. Nature of the Roman Gods.

41. Novius Plautius (II. VIII. Capital in Rome) cast perhaps only the feet and the group on the lid; the casket itself may have proceeded from an earlier artist, but hardly from any other than a Praenestine, for the use of these caskets was substantially confined to Praeneste.

42. I. IX. Settlements of the Etruscans in Italy.

43. I. XV. Earliest Hellenic Influences.

44. I. VI. Time and Occasion of the Reform.