136 “Is there any notable”: British Association for the Advancement of Science,
136 many Victorians now: For my descriptions of Victorian attitudes on race, I’ve drawn on several excellent books. They include Stocking,
136 “ quasi-gorillahood”: Quoted in Kennedy,
137 “ sub-species”: Ibid., p. 143.
137 “these poor wretches”: Quoted in Stocking,
137 “firmness”: Quoted in A. N. Wilson,
137 eugenics, which once: Victoria Glendinning,
137 “children in mind”: Quoted in Stocking,
137 lost tribes of Israel: According to the Bible, in 722 B.C., the Assyrian army carried away and dispersed ten tribes from the northern Israelite kingdom. What happened to them has long mystified scholars. In the middle of the seventeenth century, Antonio de Montezinos, a Sephardic Jew who had escaped the Inquisition, claimed that he had found the descendants of the tribes in the Amazon jungle-that land “where never mankind dwelt.” Some of the Indians, he reported, had said to him in Hebrew, “Hear O Israel! The Lord Our God the Lord is One.” The influential European rabbi and scholar Menasseh ben Israel later endorsed Montezinos’s account, and many believed that the Indians of America, whose origins had long confounded Westerners, were in fact Jews. In 1683, the Quaker and founder of Pennsylvania, William Penn, said that he was “ready to believe” that the Indians were indeed “of the stock of the Ten Tribes.”
137 These theories were also picked up by the Mormons, who believed the Indians had originated, in part, from a migration of Jews.
137 “There are all sorts”:
137 “jolly children”: Fawcett,
138 “savages of”: Ibid., p. 215.
138 “My experience”: Ibid., p. 49.
138 “roasted over”: Percy Harrison Fawcett, “Bolivian Exploration, 1913-1914,” p. 225.
138 “elaborate ritual”: Fawcett,
138 “plain proof”: Ibid., p. 170.
138 “He knew the Indians”: Thomas Charles Bridges,
138 “He understood them”: Costin,
138 “mental maze”: Kennedy,
138 “There are three”: Fawcett,
139 “white as we”: Quoted in Babcock, “Early Observations in American Physical Anthropology,” p. 309.
139 “men, women and”: Quoted in Woolf, “Albinism (OCA2) in Amerindians,” p. 121.
139 “very white”: Carvajal,
139 “Nietzschean explorer”: Hemming,
140 “Probably none of us”: Fawcett, “Bolivian Exploration, 1913-1914,” p. 222.
140 “They slipped in”: Fawcett,
140 “Don’t move!”: Costin,
140 “I myself made”: Ibid.
140 “Our friendship”: Fawcett,
141 They had befriended: The renowned Swedish anthropologist Baron Erland Nor- denskiold later reported that Fawcett had “discovered an important indigenous tribe that… has never been visited by the white man.”
141 “We do not”: Bowman, “Remarkable Discoveries in Bolivia,” p. 440.
141 “Perhaps this is why”: Fawcett,
141 “The tribe is also”: Fawcett, “Bolivian Exploration, 1913-1914,” p. 224.
141 “intractable, hopelessly brutal”: Ibid., p. 228.
141 “brave and intelligent”: Fawcett,
142 “Wherever there are”: Percy Harrison Fawcett, “Memorandum Regarding the Region of South America Which It Is Intended to Explore” (proposal), 1920, RGS.
142 “roads” and “causeways”: Ibid.
142 There was, for instance: For details on Henry Savage Landor, see Hopkirk’s
142 “I did not masquerade”: Landor,
143 “In Xanadu”: Quoted in Millard,
143 “I am going very slowly”: Church, “Dr. Rice’s Exploration in the North-Western Valley of the Amazon,” pp. 309-10.
143 “We look upon”: H.E., “The Rio Negro, the Casiquiare Canal, and the Upper Orinoco,” p. 343.
144 “probably the first surgical”: Royal Geographical Society, “Monthly Record,” June 1913, p. 590.
144 one occasion they mutinied:
144 “He is a medical”: Keltie to Fawcett, Jan. 29, 1914, RGS.
144 “as much at home”:
144 “Explorers are not”: Fawcett to RGS, Jan. 24, 1922, RGS.
145 “Keep your ears open”: Keltie to Fawcett, March 10, 1911, RGS.
145 “I see he even”: Quoted in Millard,
