research team as “mathematician Mstislav Keldysh, chemist Alexander Topchiyev, and physician [sic] Sergey [sic] Korolev.” Other ufologists identify Stalin’s UFO team as Sergei
Korolev, missile designer and inventor of Sputnik; Igor Kurchatov, father of Russia’s atomic bomb; and Mstislav Keldysh, mathematician, theoretician, and space pioneer (see photographic insert).
6. “Hitler invented stealth,” says Gene Poteat: Interview with Gene Poteat. Also from Poteat’s participation in the CIA’s Oxcart panel discussion at the National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution, Steven F. Udvar- Hazy Center, September 24, 2010.
7. Whatever happened to the Horten brothers: Interview with David Myhra.
8. captured by the U.S. Ninth Army on April 7, 1945: Myhra, The Horten Brothers and Their All Wing Aircraft, 229.
9. London high-rise near Hyde Park: Ibid., 230. 10. Theodore von Kбrmбn: National Aviation Hall of Fame,
biography, Theodore von Kбrmбn. http://www.nationalaviation.org/vonkarman-theodore/. Myhra, The Horten Brothers and Their All Wing Aircraft, 230.
11. tapes can be found: National Air and Space Museum, Archives Division, Reimar and Walter Horten Interviews, Accession No. 19990065.
12. “Reimar had me agree to two restrictions”: Interview with David Myhra.
13. 2010 Freedom of Information Act request: Letter, October 29, 2010, to Ms. Annie Jacobsen from Nathan L. Mitchell, Assistant to the General Counsel, Department of the Army, Office of the General Counsel, 104 Army Pentagon, Washington DC.
14. another [important] engineer: The name of this engineer and his employment with EG&G during the 1950s have been verified with other former EG&G employees.
15. empty lot of asphalt: The lot is adjacent to the buildings identified as EG&G’s original Las Vegas headquarters in a film about
the history of the Nevada Test Site, funded by the National Nuclear Security Administration, Nevada Site Office: “When EG&G first moved to Las Vegas, their headquarters were located on ‘A’ Street now called Commerce.”
16. “Little wooden discs”: Interview with Ed Lovick.
17. sworn affidavit: “Dead Airman’s Affidavit: Roswell Aliens Were Real.” Fox News.com, July 3, 2007.
http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,287643,00.html, accessed December 30, 2010.
18. “It’s difficult”: Written correspondence with Bob Lazar, 2010.
19. hidden inside secret “Restricted Data” files: Interview with EG&G engineer.
20. Vannevar Bush: To further understand Vannevar Bush, I reviewed his papers, letters, and hand-edited drafts of his articles, books, and monographs from three major collections: Vannevar Bush, “A Collection of His Papers in the Library of Congress,” Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, DC; Vannevar Bush, “Office of Scientific Research and Development,” National Archives and Records Administration, College Park, Maryland; Vannevar Bush Papers, Carnegie Institute, Washington, DC.
21. human experiments to study the effects: The trials involved high concentrations of lewisite and mustard gas. Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments, Final Report, 98; Veterans at Risk: The Health Effects of Mustard Gas and Lewisite, 66–69.
22. “Although the human subjects”: Ibid., 66.
23. Dixon Institute… Feeble-Minded: Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments, Final Report, Chapter Seven, Nontherapeutic Research on Children, 320–351. Dr. Susan Lederer, Military Medical Ethics, Volume 2, “The Cold War and Beyond: Covert and Deceptive American Medical Experiments,” 514. Lederer, a Clinton committee staff member, cites D. J. Rothman, Strangers at the
Bedside: A History of How Law and Bioethics Transformed Medical Decision Making, Basic Books, 1991.
24. letter-number designation of S-1: Gosling, The Manhattan Project: Making the Atomic Bomb, 10.
25. JT3: From the company Web site (http://www.jt3.com/), accessed October 18, 2010. “The Department of Defense (DoD) has merged the engineering and technical support management of several western ranges into one organization to streamline support for test and training customers. In response to this challenge, URS (URS) and Raytheon Technical Services Company (RTSC) formed JT3, a Limited Liability Company (LLC) dedicated to supporting Joint Range Technical Services (J-Tech) requirements. We are experts at assisting our customers and other contractors in the planning, preparation, and execution of test projects and training missions.”
Author Interviews and Bibliography
The individuals listed below, by birth year, did many things in their long careers. Noted are topics we discussed during our interviews. All military officers and intelligence agency personnel are retired.
Helen Kleyla (1913-). Longtime secretary to CIA deputy director Richard Bissell.
CIA, Richard Bissell, Area 51, Bay of Pigs.
Interviews: Written correspondence, fall 2009
Colonel Richard S. Leghorn (1919-). The father of peacetime overhead espionage.
Army Air Forces, USAF, CIA, World War II, Korean War; U-2, MiG, Corona satellite system, reconnaissance over Normandy, overhead espionage, Operation Crossroads, General Curtis LeMay.
Interviews: July 21, 2009; July 24, 2009; February 10, 2010; written correspondence: July 2009-October 2010
Edward Lovick Jr. (1919-). The father of stealth technology. Lockheed Skunk Works, U-2, A-12 Oxcart, SR-71 Blackbird, D-21 drone, Harvey, Have Blue, F-117 Nighthawk, Project KempsterLacroix, radar testing, and pole testing at Area 51.
Interviews: January 5, 2008; February 7, 2008; March 6, 2008; April 3, 2008; April 18, 2008; April 29, 2008; May 29, 2008; June 6, 2008; June 18, 2008; July 2, 2008; July 10, 2008; July 23, 2008; July 30, 2008; August 6, 2008; August 13, 2008; August 21, 2008; August 28, 2008; September 4, 2008; November 18, 2008; December 9, 2008; January 6, 2009; January 20, 2009; March 17, 2009; March 30, 2009; June 11, 2009; June 28, 2009; August 1, 2009; February
28, 2010; April 22, 2010; September 5, 2010; written correspondence: February 2008-October 2010
Ray Goudey (1919-). Flew U-2 “Ship One” at Area 51. Lockheed test flights, U-2, Burbank to Area 51 flights.
Interviews: June 12, 2009; July 8, 2009; October 8, 2009
Fred White (1921-). Wrote the flight manuals for Lockheed U-2, A-12, and SR-71.
Lockheed Skunk Works, U-2, A-12, YF-12, SR-71, engineering projects at Area 51.
Interviews: October 3, 2009; October 8, 2009; written correspondence: October 2009-May 2010.
Colonel Hugh “Slip” Slater (1922-). Base commander at Area
51.
Army Air Force, USAF, CIA, A-12, YF-12, D-21 drone, commander of the U-2 Chinese Black Cat Squadron, commander for Operation Black Shield, the 303 Committee.
Interviews: November 13, 2008; December 20, 2009; January 7, 2009; March 4, 2009; April 25, 2009; June 25, 2009; July 14, 2009; October 7, 2009; October 8, 2009; January 13, 2010
Alfred O’Donnell (1922-), early Manhattan Project member. Armed, wired, and fired 186 nuclear bombs at the Nevada Test Site and the Pacific Proving Ground.
Nuclear weapons, World War II, Battle at Okinawa; timing, wiring, and firing system on atomic bombs; timing, wiring, and firing system on thermonuclear bombs; Operation Crossroads, Operation Greenhouse, Operation Ivy, Operation Castle, Operation Plumbbob, Operation Hardtack, Nevada Test Site.
Interviews: May 9, 2009; May 25, 2009; May 27, 2009; June 24, 2009; June 25, 2009; July 15, 2009; September 7, 2009; September 8, 2009; October 6, 2009; October 7, 2009; November 17, 2009; December 14, 2009; December 15, 2009; December 16, 2009; January 13, 2010; January 14, 2010; February 11, 2010; March 6, 2010; June 28, 2010, June 29, 2010; written correspondence: May
