Hitler. 1936-1945: Nemesis

employment 712–13; female labour 563, 567–8, 713; forced labour 707, 736; foreign labour 162, 317, 713; Fuhrer Decree (13 January 1943) 568; Jewish labour gangs 492–3; Jewish skilled workers 486; labour shortages xlv, 162, 186, 187, 502, 515, 540, 707; low wages xxxvi, 423, 449; new sources of skilled labour 161; poor work conditions xxxvi, 423, 540; prisoners-of-war 449

Engel, Major Gerhard 54, 235, 248, 302, 332, 344, 350, 438, 532.

English Channel 295, 310, 504

Erbkrank (Hereditarily 111) (film) 257

Essen 761, 791

Esser, Hermann 512, 781

Estonia 194

‘ethnic cleansing’: authorized by ? 240; Heydrich explains the programme 243–4; instigated by the SS 240–1; liquidation programme at its core 248

ethnic minorities xv

Etzdorf, Rittmeister Hasso von 262, 269 eugenics programmes 234

Eupen-Malmedy 664

Euskirchen 294

‘euthanasia action’ 235, 252–61, 263, 426–9, 462, 480, 483, 522, 838

Evian Conference (1938) 145

Der ewige Jude (The Eternal Jew) (film) 249, 323, 349–50

Exeter 520

expansionism xliv–xlv, 24, 49, 60, 64, 87, 95, 124–5, 129, 157, 161, 173, 241, 305, 343; see also eastern expansion; ‘living-space’

exports xxxviii, 162

F

Falaise Pocket 721, 723

Falkenhorst, General von 287

Fallersleben 197

Far East 13, 25, 442, 504, 505

Farinacci, Roberto 594, 596, 597

Fascism 596; Austrian-nationalist 65; and Communism 17; in Italy 581, 586

Faulhaber, Cardinal Michael 29–30

Fegelein, SS-Gruppenfuhrer Hermann 797, 816, 818, 819, 820

Fegelstein, Gretl (nee Braun) 797

Fellgiebel, General Erich 672, 673, 675, 687, 690, 692

Felsennest (Rock Eyrie) (Fuhrer Headquarters near Munstereifel) 294, 300

Feltre, near Belluno 593

Fifth Army (Soviet) 413 ‘fifth-columnists’ 488

‘Final Solution’ 151, 252, 321–2, 352, 463, 471, 481, 487, 489, 492, 493, 495, 520, 559, 603, 636, 736, 822

Finland 308, 333, 334, 524–6, 617, 624, 645, 724

Finnish war 286, 287

First Reich 335

First World War 657, 834; the armistice (1918) 298, 542; blasting of craters with howitzers 454; collapse of morale on the home front 563; ‘fifth-columnists’ 488; German humiliation and loss of national pride xv; H’s experiences 403, 473, 611, 754; Lloyd George and H reminisce 29; the ‘world war’ term 490

Fischlham 197

Flanders 299, 434, 454, 518

Flensburg 834, 835

Flick concern 132

Florian, Gauleiter Friedrich Karl 786

Foch, Marshal Ferdinand 298

food crisis xxxvi, 10, 12, 20, 47, 48, 49, 423, 480–81, 506, 507, 540

‘Foreign Armies East’ department 756

foreign exchange 9, 11, 162

Forest of Compiegne 298

Forster, Gauleiter Albert 67, 200, 201, 202, 219, 222, 239, 247, 250, 251, 315, 316, 837

Forster, General Helmuth 455

Four Year Plan organization 22, 226, 313, 354, 406, 492, 502

France: armistice with Germany 298–9; armistice with Italy 299; and the Axis powers 514; and Czechoslovakia 95, 96, 99, 118, 119–20; declares war on Germany 223; deportation of Jews from occupied area 485; divided 299; evacuation of 649; government crisis (1938) 75; H gambles everything on her defeat 285; H mentally distributes provinces 267; H’s plans 293, 542; H’s triumph 286, 421; H’s view of the French military 264, 265; industry 784; and the ‘Madagascar solution’ 322; Napoleon’s legacy xvi; necessity of holding on to 719; northern 291, 295, 745; occupation of southern France 542; Popular Front 14; rearmament 157, 175; and the Soviet-German non-aggression pact 206; Vichy 323–4, 331, 342; weakness of xxxvi

Franciscans, ‘immorality trials’ of (1937) 40

Franco, Francisco xvii, 13–16, 25, 44, 207, 332;

and the Axis 327; Hendaye meeting (Hitler/

Franco) 329–30, 525; territorial demands 327, 328, 348

Francois-Poncet, Andre 29, 119–20, 122

Frank, Hans 25, 204, 239, 245, 250, 316, 319, 322, 351, 352, 375–6, 462, 480, 482, 491–2, 520, 589, 725, 726, 837

Frank, Karl Hermann 108–9, 599

Frankfurt am Main 485, 788

Frankfurt an der Oder 759, 793

Frankfurter, David 136

Frederick the Great, King of Prussia 36, 277, 283, 454, 501, 505, 554, 611, 696, 742, 745, 776, 783, 789, 791, 811

Frederick I, Barbarossa, Holy Roman Emperor 335

‘Free French’ 331, 722

Freemasonry 24, 130, 250, 594, 595

Freies Deutschland (‘Free Germany’) 616

Freikorps 250, 258

Freikorps Adolf Hitler 790

Freinberg, Linz 198

Freisler, Roland 508, 552, 688, 689, 692

French army 277, 284, 295, 297

French Equatorial Africa 331, 434

French Indo-China 326

French Morocco 327

French navy 298; destruction of French ships at Mers-el-Kebir 301

French Resistance 660, 722

Freyend, Major Ernst John von 672, 673

Freytag-Loringhoven, Major Bernd von 811

Frick, Interior Minister Wilhelm 76, 78–91, 172, 219, 245, 312, 571, 574, 599, 837

Friedeburg, Admiral Hans-Georg von 835, 836

Friener, General Johannes 650

Fritsch, Colonel-General Werner Freiherr von 10, 49, 50, 51, 52, 101–2, 147, 209, 237; the scandal 54–6, 64, 69, 83, 86, 89, 94, 101, 147, 167, 224, 262, 358, 668