The End

Britain, bombing of 236

Goring as C-in-C 20, 39, 44, 48, 150, 160, 163, 169, 205, 306, 308, 342; dismissal (April 1945) 340, 342, 353, 399

as ineffective 60, 61, 79, 90, 121, 132, 150, 160, 163, 165, 236, 247, 265, 269, 399

Kreipe as Chief of Staff 113, 166

transfers from, to Wehrmacht 206, 308

Luneberg 366

Luxemburg 56, 65–6, 136

Lyons 56

Magdeburg 297

Maier, Domprediger Johann 343

Main river 299

Mainz 255

Majdanek concentration camp 123

Malmedy 156

Mannheim 152, 255

von Manteuffel, General Hasso 132, 133, 155, 156, 159–60, 301

Marseilles 56

Mauthausen concentration camp 330

Mecklenburg 366, 367

medical services/supplies 275

Memel (Baltic Sea port) 95, 107, 108, 110, 151

Menschenfuhrung see leadership principle

Messerschmitt 262 jet-fighter 139

Metz 131

Meuse river 133, 156, 160

Meyer, Ernst 3–4

Meyer-Detring, Colonel Wilhelm 373–4

military police (Geheime Feldpolizei) 68, 69, 113, 211, 218, 262–3

see also police force

militia units 85–6, 151

see also Volkssturm

Mittelbau concentration camp see Dora-Mittelbau

Model, Field-Marshal Walter 28, 49, 56, 59, 60, 69, 122

as Army Group B C-in-C 132–3, 135, 151, 156, 157, 160, 161, 253–4, 263, 297, 303–5, 314; his dissolution of (April 1945) 314; Speer and 290–91

Kesselring and 304

penal institutions, action against inmates 328

suicide (April 1945) 305

Mons 59

Montgomery, Field-Marshal Bernard 58, 255, 359, 361

Eisenhower and 388

German peace negotiations with 366–7, 369

morale

civilian 3–5, 6, 18, 24, 25, 60–62, 65, 98–100, 104–5, 115, 121, 124, 125–7, 148–52, 186–94, 206, 207–8, 209, 210, 239–40, 258–60, 261, 273–6, 356–8, 390; in Berlin 212–13, 258, 293–4, 344–5; post-capitulation 379–81; see also public opinion

in German Army 20, 47–9, 60, 61, 66–72, 100–101, 105, 119–21, 125–7, 140, 151–5, 157, 159, 194–6, 206, 207, 210–11, 214, 256–8, 260–66, 270–71, 283, 310–15, 320, 394

in German Navy 265, 360–61

in SS 153, 210

Morgenthau Plan (US) 149–50

Mortain 55–6

Mosel river 254, 255, 260, 262

Mulheim 297

Muller, General Friedrich-Wilhelm 203

Munich 162, 317, 343

Allied bombing 236, 238

Paul Giesler as Gauleiter 214, 344

Munster 227

Murr, Wilhelm (Gauleiter of Wurttemberg) 278, 325

Mussolini, Benito 7

deposition of (July 1943) 13, 47, 296, 364, 399

see also Italy

Musy, Jean-Marie, Himmler’s attempted deal with, to exchange Jews for cash 229–30

Mutschmann, Martin (Gauleiter of Saxony) 125, 237

Narev river 169

National-Zeitung (newspaper) 89

von Natzmer, Lieutenant-General Oldwig 369, 374

Naumann, Werner 75

Nazi atrocities 98, 107, 117, 121, 124, 155–6, 176, 331–6, 394

committed by German troops 98, 107, 112

in Poland 123, 174, 251

post-capitulation attempts to deny responsibility for 380

see also terror tactics

Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistiche Deutsche Arbeiterpartei) (NSDAP) 6, 119, 161–4

in Austria 317–18

Bormann as administrative head 20–22, 40, 41, 42, 53, 75, 162, 215–16, 217–18, 319, 321, 392

civilian population, control of 83–4, 88, 91, 96, 98, 105–6, 142, 145–6, 162–3, 180, 206, 207–8, 392–3; see also administrative systems

civilian population’s support for 9, 10, 73–4, 207–8, 209, 210, 212–13, 239–40, 258–60, 261, 273–6, 389; decline in 64–5, 68, 101, 104, 105, 107, 126–7, 150–51, 163, 190, 193–4, 195, 209, 213–14, 215–22, 258, 261, 312–13, 315, 389–90; post-capitulation attitudes to 380; see also opposition to below

Donitz administration and 360

execution of members of, in Bromberg 216–17

German Army’s hostility towards 214, 261, 312

German resistance to 149

the Goldfasane (Golden Pheasants) 64, 318–19

Greiser affair and 215–16

leadership 11, 20, 51–3, 134, 216–22, 277, 321–9, 342–3; fragmentation of 280–92, 294–5, 317–18, 336–42; Hitler, support for 20, 51–3, 144–5, 278–9; negotiated peace, search for 280–86; see also individual names

Robert Ley as Party Organization Leader 51

loyalty rallies 31

membership 73, 74

opposition to 14, 20, 64, 74, 104, 105, 107, 310, 380–82; see also civilian