The Kiss of Death

Religion, as motivation in health projects, 110

Repolarization disorders, 204

Reproductive cycle:

of Triatoma infestans, 174-75;

of Trypanosoma cruzi, 161

Reservoir hosts:

animals and T. cruzi, 194-95;

vectorial transmission of T. cruzi and, 192

Residentes (residents):

health education and, 132;

housing in urban Bolivia and, 100

Respiratory infections, and ethnomedicine in Bolivia, 68

Restorative proctocolectomy, 74-75

Rheumatic fever, 85

Rhodniuspallescens, 186, 189

Rhodniusprolixus, as vector for T. cruzi:

defecation rate, 59, 177;

feeding activities of, 176;

importance of compared to other species of vectors, 186, 188, 189, 191;

pheromones in feces of, 174;

roof thatching and, 97

Ritual:

Kallawaya herbalists and misfortune ritual for Chagas’ disease, 30-34;

roof thatching in Bolivia and, 91

Rivas, Daniel, 109, 113

Rochagan. See Benznidazole

Rodents, as hosts for

T. cruzi, 194-95

Romana’s Sign, 7, 8, 16, 49, 108, 196-97

Roofs, of houses:

alternative low-cost methods, 234n.14;

ceramic tile and Chagas’ control, 120;

thatching as habitat for triatomines, 97;

thatching of as ritual in Bolivia, 91

Rotan palm tree, 40

Rothhammer, F., 19

Rural areas, epidemiology of Chagas’ disease in Bolivia, 47

Ruta chalapensis, 43

S

Sajjra wayra (troublesome wind), 69

Samay (breath), 37-38

Sanchez, Daniel O., 168

Sanchez de Lozada, Gonzalo, 103, 104

Sangre de Drago (Croton roborensis), as herbal medicine, 40, 130

Satureja boliviana, 43

Sayana (house), 92-93, 96, 140

Sayre, as herbal medicine, 37

Schaudinn, F., 1

Schizodemes, and T. cruzi strains, 163

Schizotrypanum, 159

Schofield, C. J., 237 n.1

Schurria octoarustica, 43

Seasonality, and vectorial transmission of

T. cruzi, 192-93

Secretariat of Health (SOH, Bolivia), xx, 67, 128, 182, 233n.2, 235n.2, 236n.1

Sensano, Ruth, xviii, 46, 107-23, 135, 148

Serological methods, for diagnosis of Chagas’ disease, 219

Serum neutralization, 211

Shamans, and Culture Context Model for Chagas’ prevention, 135

Side effects:

of benznidazole, 222-23;

of gentian violet, 224;

of nifurtimox, 221

Sleeping sickness:

Chagas’ disease compared to, 10-11;

discovery of causative agent, 1;

discovery of Chagas’ disease and, 13

Smallpox, 27

Social factors:

economic impact of chronic Chagas’ disease, 84, 149-53;

spread of Chagas disease in Andes, 22-24.

See also

Class; Culture

Sociology, and interdisciplinary approach to prevention of Chagas’ disease, 147

SOH/CCH Chagas Control Pilot Program, 182, 233n.2, 235n.2, 236n.1, 236n.7

Spain, colonialism and T. infestans, 26-28

Spartumjunceum, 42

Spiders, as predator of T. infestans, 43

Spirituality, and Culture Context Model for Chagas’ prevention, 140

Spontaneous abortion, and Chagas’ disease, 61, 230 n.8

Standen, V., 19

Stewart, George, 162, 198, 236-37n.1

Strains, of T. cruzi:

adaptation in Andes and, 20;

classification of and impact on pathology, 163-65;

clinical manifestations and, 81;

colon pathology and, 22;

complement-mediated lysis and, 212;

immunization and, 171;

nifurtimox and, 221;

susceptibility of triatomine vectors to infection and, 162

Stress testing, and ECG abnormalities, 203

Stumpy trypomastigotes, 161

Suarez, J. A., 200

Sucre, Department of (Bolivia), 22, 81-82, 227

Surface membrane, of T. cruzi, 166-70

Surgery, for chagasic megacolon, 74

Swiss Tropical Institute, 225

Sylvatic animals, as hosts for T. cruzi, 194