Matriarchy preceded patriarchy because patriarchal
values (particularly the need for complex organization)
inform advanced societies, whereas female values inform more primitive tribal societies. As far as individual men and women are concerned, the male psyche has a
feminine component (the subconscious) which is anarchic, emotional, sensitive,
mind) which can be defined as a capacity for logical
thought. O f course, biological women are ruled, it
turns out, by the subconscious; men are ruled, not surprisingly, by the conscious, mind, intellect. One might imagine a time and place where intellect is not valued
over anarchic, emotional, sensitive —looniness?: but
that would be the most gratuitous kind o f fantasy. Jung
never questioned the cultural arbitrariness o f these categories, never looked at them to see their political implications, never knew that they were sexist, that he functioned as an instrument o f cultural oppression.
In the book
M. Esther Harding, a lifelong student o f Jung and a
Patron o f the C. G. Jung Institute, applies Jungian ontology to a study o f mythology. Taking the moon, Luna, as the patron saint o f women (ignoring any masculine imagery associated with the moon, and this
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Woman Hating
imagery is substantial; ignoring any feminine imagery
connected with the sun, and this imagery is substantial),
Harding ultimately identifies the female with the demonic, as did the Catholic Church:
But if she will stop long enough to look within, she
also may become aware of impulses and thoughts
which are not in accord with her conscious attitudes
but are the direct outcome of the crude and untamed
feminine being within her. For the most part, however,
a woman will not look at these dark secrets of her own
nature. It is too painful, too undermining of the conscious character which she has built up for herself; she prefers to think that she really is as she appears to be.
And indeed it is her task to stand between the Eros
which is within her, and the world without, and
through her own womanly adaptation to the world
to make human, as it were, the daemoniac power of
the nonhuman feminine principle. 1
Eros, the subconscious, the flow of human sexual energy— described as the witch burners described it, “the daemoniac power of the nonhuman feminine principle. ”
Harding is absolutely representative of the Jungian
point of view.
It is a natural consequence of this dualistic stance
that male and female are pitted against each other and
that
to male and female, men and women, when they meet:
These discrepancies in their attitudes are dependent
on the fact that the psychic constitution of men and
women are essentially different; they are mirror opposites the one of the other.. . . So that their essential nature and values are diametrically opposed. 2