Aussenpolitik, pp. 33 ff. In the first Hitler speech for which the full text is available, the speech of August 13, 1920, Hitler used many themes from the “Protocols.” Cf. Phelps, “Hitlers grundlegende Rede uber den Antisemitismus,” VJHfZ, 1968:4, p. 398.
13. Cf. Mein Kampf, p. 170, where Hitler states that “movements with a definite spiritual foundation… can… only be broken with technical instruments of power if these physical weapons are at the same time the support of a new thought, idea or philosophy.” Two pages further on he writes: “Any attempt to combat a philosophy with methods of violence will fail in the end, unless the fight takes the form of attack for a new spiritual attitude.” Similar statements may be found in Hitler’s speech of August 13, 1920, VJHfZ, 1968:4, pp. 415, 417.
14. Rauschning, Gesprache, pp. 174 f.
15. Mein Kampf, p. 485.
16. Deuerlein, “Eintritt,” p. 211 (Doc. 19) and p. 215 (Doc. 24).
17. Dietrich Eckart admitted in VB, July 15, 1922, that he had personally received 60,000 marks from General von Epp. The newspaper cost 120.000 marks, and in addition had debts amounting to 250,000 marks. This liability was also assumed by the NSDAP. Hitler himself declared that he “paid a heavy price” for his foolishness at the time; and it appears that the party had to bear the burden of these debts until 1933. As one method of supporting the newspaper, every party member undertook to subscribe to the VB; from January, 1921, on the membership dues of.50 mark were supplemented by an equal sum for the support of the party newspaper. The circulation remained static at first, then dropped to almost 8.000 before rising, in the spring of 1922, to 17,500 subscribers. Cf. Dietrich Orlow, The History of the Nazi Party 1919–1933, p. 22.
18. Report by Heinrich Derbacher of a meeting with Dietrich Eckart in January, 1920. From the posthumous papers of Anton Drexler, quoted in Deuerlein, Aufstieg, p. 104; also, with further quotations, Nolte, Epoche, p. 403.
19. Konrad Heiden, Hitler, a Biography, cited by Bullock, p. 81.
20. Karl Alexander von Muller, Im Wandel einer Welt, p. 129.
21. Libres propos, p. 151.
22. Cf. especially the speeches in VJHfZ 1963:3, pp. 289 ff. and VJHfZ 1968:4, pp. 412 ff.
23. Ibid., pp. 107 ff. The party committee’s reply is also printed here.
24. Quoted in: Rudolf Hess, der Stellvertreter des Fuhrers, no author indicated; published in the series Zeitgeschichte, Berlin, 1933, pp. 9 ff.
25. Rauschning, Gesprache, p. 81.
26. Mein Kampf, pp. 504—06.
27. Speech of August 1, 1923, quoted in Boepple, p. 72.
28. Hitler in VB, August 30, 1922; also Mein Kampf, p. 100. In the party of the early period small craftsmen and small businessmen were distinctly overrepresented—187 per cent in proportion to their numbers in the general population. On this subject cf. Iring Fetcher, “Faschismus und Nationalsozialismus,” p. 53.
29. Mein Kampf, p. 470.
30. Tischgesprache, pp. 261 f.; here Hitler mentions a whole list of his tactics and tricks; cf. also Mein Kampf, pp. 504 f., and Heiden, Geschichte, p. 28.
31. K. A. v. Muller, pp. 144 f.
32. Norman H. Baynes, The Speeches of Adolf Hitler, vol. I, p. 107; also R. H. Phelps in: VJFfZ 1963:3, p. 299.
33. Tischgesprache, p. 451; also Heiden, Geschichte, p. 109. For the following remark of Hitler, see Mein Kampf, p. 467.
34. Kurt G. W. Luedecke, I Knew Hitler, pp. 22 f.; also Ernst Hanfstaengl, Zwischen Weissem und Braunem Haus, p. 43.
35. Cf. Tischgesprache, p. 224.
36. Communicated to the author by Albert Speer. Speer was present at this scene; “Wolfsburg” was the name of an estate in the vicinity.
37. According to Hitler’s statement; cf. Gorlitz and Quint, Adolf Hitler, p. 185.
38. Boepple, p. 118.
39. Cf. Maser, Hitler, p. 405, for many details. Further references in Heiden, Geschichte, pp. 143 ff.; Franz-Willing, p. 177, and Bullock, pp. 84 f. Bullock underestimates the importance of foreign financial backers, probably because the sources of support have been only recently uncovered.
40. Franz-Willing, p. 182. Cf. also Luedecke, p. 99. Luedecke speaks of a woman of some fifty-odd years who called at the business office after a Hitler speech and spontaneously gave the party an inheritance she had just received. On this and related matters see also Orlow, pp. 108 ff., which contains further references.
41. According to a speech in the Reichstag by Helmut von Mucke, a former naval officer who originally counted among the leaders of the NSDAP. In July, 1929, he had discussed the party’s methods of financing itself in an open letter. See Verhandlungen des Reichstags, vol. 444, pp. 138 f.
42. Cf. Maser, Fruhgeschichte, pp. 410 f.; also Heiden, Geschichte, p. 46, and Walter Laqueur, Deutschland und Russland, pp. 76 f.
43. Heiden, Hitler I, p. 162.
44. Boepple, p. 87.
45. Hitler spoke these words as early as September 12, 1923; see Boepple, p. 91.
46. Quoted in Heiden, Geschichte, p. 143.
47. The letter is printed in Illustrierter Beobachter, 1926:2, p. 6.
48. As the meeting was breaking up, Interior Minister Schweyer stepped up to Hitler, who was feeling himself the victor of the evening, tapped him on the chest “like an angry schoolmaster,” and said that this victory had been “nothing but a breach of faith.” This is the incident referred to in the quoted remark by Heiden in Hitler I, p. 181.
49. Statement by Julius Streicher at the Nuremberg trial, IMT VII, p. 340.
50. Cf., for example, Maser, Fruhgeschichte, pp. 453 f.; Maser even charges Hitler with having sued for the favor of the monarchist generals. See also Heiden, Geschichte, pp. 162 f. Bullock, pp. 113 f., straddles the fence; on the one hand he charges Hitler with incompetence as a revolutionary and on the other hand denies that Hitler intended a revolutionary uprising.
51. Der Hitlerprozess, p. 28. The previous quotation, in which Hitler contrasts his conduct with that of the Kapp putschists, is taken from his speech of November 8, 1934. Hans von Hulsen characterized the trial as a “political carnival”; quoted in Deuerlein, A ufstieg, p. 205.
52. This reprimand to the court was pronounced by Minister of State von Meinel; cf. Deuerlein, Hitler-Putsch, p. 216; ibid., pp. 221 f. for the remarks of Pohner.
