Baxter, Christian Directory, 1678 ed., vol. I, p. 111a. ↩
Richard Steele, The Tradesman’s Calling, Being a Discourse Concerning the Nature, Necessity, Choice, etc., of a Calling in General, 1684, p. 20. ↩
Baxter, Christian Directory, 1678 ed., vol. I, pp. 378b, 108b; vol. IV, p. 253a. ↩
Navigation Spiritualized: Or a New Compass for Seamen, Consisting of XXII Points: of Pleasant Observations, Profitable Applications, and Serious Reflections. All Concluded With So Many Spiritual Poems. Whereunto Is Now Added, (i) A Sober Conversation of the Sin of Drunkenness (ii) The Harlot’s Face in the Scripture-Glass, etc. Being an Essay Towards Their Much Desired Reformation from the Horrible and Detestable Sins of Drunkenness, Swearing, Uncleanness, Forgetfulness of Mercies, Violation of Promises, and Atheistical Contempt of Death. 1682.
The author of this cheerful work was a Devonshire minister, John Flavell, who also wrote Husbandry Spiritualized, or the Heavenly Use of Earthly Things, 1669. In him, as in Steele, the Chadband touch is unmistakable. The Religious Weaver, apparently by one Fawcett, I have not been able to trace. ↩
Richard Steele, The Tradesman’s Calling, Being a Discourse Concerning the Nature, Necessity, Choice, etc., of a Calling in General, 1684, pp. 1, 4. ↩
Bunyan, The Pilgrim’s Progress. ↩
David Jones, “A Farewell Sermon at St. Mary Woolnoth’s,” 1692. ↩
Nicholas Barbon, A Discourse of Trade, 1690, ed. by Professor John H. Hollander (A Reprint of Economic Tracts, Series II, no. 1). ↩
The words of a member of the Long Parliament, quoted by C. H. Firth, Oliver Cromwell, 1902, p. 313. ↩
The Life of Edward, Earl of Clarendon, 1827 ed., vol. II, p. 235: “The merchants took much delight to enlarge themselves upon this argument [i.e., the advantages of war], and shortly after to discourse ‘of the infinite benefit that would accrue from a barefaced war against the Dutch, how easily they might be subdued and the trade carried by the English.’ ” According to Clarendon, who despised the merchants and hated the whole business, it was almost a classical example of a commercial war, carefully stage-managed in all its details, from the directorship which the Royal African Company gave to the Duke of York down to the inevitable “incident” with which hostilities began. ↩
The Life of Edward, Earl of Clarendon, 1827 ed., vol. III, pp. 7–9. ↩
Sir Dudley North, Discourses Upon Trade, 1691, Preface. ↩
Petty, Political Arithmetic, Preface. ↩
Chamberlayne, Angliæ Notitia (quoted P. E. Dove, Account of Andrew Yarranton, 1854, p. 82 n.). ↩
Roger North, The Lives of the Norths (1826 ed.), vol. III, p. 103; T. Watson, A Plea for Alms (Thomason Tracts, E. 2125); p. 33; Dryden, Absalom and Achitophel, 2nd part, 1682, p. 9, where Sir Robert Clayton, Lord Mayor 1679–80, and Member of Parliament for the City 1679–81 and again from 1689, appears as “extorting Ishban.” He was a scrivener who had made his money by usury. ↩
John Fawke, Sir William Thompson, William Love, and John Jones. ↩
Charles King (The British Merchant, 1721, vol. I, p. 181) gives the following persons as signatories of an analysis of the trade between England and France in 1674: Patience Ward, Thomas Papillon, James Houblon, William Bellamy, Michael Godfrey, George Toriano, John Houblon, John Houghe, John Mervin, Peter Paravicine, John Dubois, Benj. Godfrey, Edm. Harrison, Benj. Delaune. The number of foreign names is remarkable. ↩
For Dutch capital in London, see Hist. MSS. Com., 8th Report, 1881, p. 134 (proceedings of the Committee on the decay of trade, 1669); with regard to investment of foreign capital in England, it was stated that “Alderman Bucknell had above £100,000 in his hands, Mr. Meynell above £30,000, Mr. Vandeput at one time £60,000, Mr. Dericost always near £200,000 of Dutch money, lent to merchants at 7, 6, and 5 percent.” ↩
The Life of Edward, Earl of Clarendon, vol. II, pp. 289–93, and vol. III, pp. 4–7; and John Beresford, The Godfather of Downing Street, 1925. ↩
S. Bannister, William Paterson, the Merchant-Statesman, and Founder of the Bank of England: His Life and Trials, 1858. ↩
A. Yarranton, England’s Improvement, 1677. ↩
The Complete English Tradesman (1726) belongs to the same genus as the book of Steele (see above, pp. 244–6), but it has reduced Christianity to even more innocuous proportions: see “Letter XVII” (“Of Honesty in Dealing”). ↩
T. S. Ashton, Iron and Steel in the Industrial Revolution, 1924, pp. 211–26. Mr. A. P. Wadsworth has shown that the leading Lancashire clothiers were often Nonconformists (History of the Rochdale Woollen Trade, in Trans. Rochdale Lit. and Sci. Soc., vol. XV, 1925). ↩
Quoted F. J. Powicke, Life of Baxter, 1924, p. 158. ↩
Dicey, Law and Public Opinion in England, 1905, pp. 400–1. ↩
The Humble Petition of Thousands of well-affected Persons inhabiting the City of London, Westminster, the Borough of Southwark, Hamlets, and Places adjacent (Bodleian Pamphlets, The Levellers’ Petitions, c. 15, 3 Linc.). See also G. P. Gooch, English Democratic Ideas in the Seventeenth Century, 1898. ↩
