Camden Society, The Clarke Papers, ed. C. H. Firth, 1891–4, vol. II, pp. 217–21 (letter from Winstanley to Fairfax and the Council of War, Dec. 8, 1649). ↩
Records of the Borough of Leicester, 1603–88, ed. Helen Stocks, 1923, pp. 370, 414, 428–30. ↩
John Moore, The Crying Sin of England of Not Caring for the Poor; Wherein Inclosure, viz. Such as Doth Unpeople Townes, and Uncorn Fields, Is Arraigned, Convicted and Condemned, 1653, p. 13. See also E. C. K. Gonner, Common Land and Enclosure, 1912, pp. 53–5. ↩
Camden Society, The Clarke Papers, vol. I, pp. 299 seqq., LXVII seqq. ↩
The Diary of Thomas Burton, ed. J. T. Rutt, 1828, vol. I, pp. 175–6. A letter from Whalley, referring to agitations against enclosure in Warwickshire, Nottinghamshire, Lincolnshire and Leicestershire, will be found in Thurloe, State Papers, vol. IV, p. 686. ↩
Joseph Lee, A Vindication of a Regulated Enclosure, 1656, p. 9. ↩
Aquinas, Summa Theol., 2a 2æ, Q. XXXII, art. V. ↩
Dives et Pauper, 1493, Prol., chap. VII; cf. Pecock, The Repressor of Overmuch Blaming of the Clergy, pt. III, chap. IV, pp. 296–7. For an excellent account of the medieval attitude towards the poor, see B. L. Manning, The People’s Faith in the Time of Wyclif, 1919, chap. X. ↩
“A Lyke-wake Dirge,” printed by W. Allingham, The Ballad Book, 1907, no. XXXI. ↩
Latimer, “The fifth Sermon on the Lord’s Prayer” (in Sermons, Everyman ed., p. 336). Cf. Tyndale, “The Parable of the Wicked Mammon” (in Doctrinal Treatises of William Tyndale, Parker Society, 1848, p. 97): “If thy brother or neighbour therefore need, and thou have to help him, and yet showest not mercy, but withdrawest thy hands from him, then robbest thou him of his own, and art a thief.” ↩
Christopher Harvey, “The Overseer of the Poor” (in G. Gilfillan, The Poetical Works of George Herbert, 1853, pp. 241–3). ↩
J. E. B. Mayor, Two Lives of N. Ferrar, by His brother John and Dr. Jebb, p. 261 (quoted by B. Kirkman Gray, A History of English Philanthropy, 1905, p. 54). ↩
A True Report of the Great Cost and Charges of the Foure Hospitals in the City of London, 1644 (quoted, B. Kirkman Gray, A History of English Philanthropy, 1905, p. 66). ↩
See, e.g., Hist. MSS. Com., Reports on MSS. in various Collections, vol. I, 1901, pp. 109–24; Leonard, Early History of English Poor Relief, pp. 268–9. ↩
Sir Matthew Hale, A Discourse Touching Provision for the Poor, 1683. ↩
Stanley’s Remedy, or the Way How to Reform Wandering Beggars, Thieves, Highway Robbers and Pick-Pockets, 1646 (Thomason Tracts, E. 317 (6)), p. 4. ↩
Commons’ Journals, March 19, 1648/9, vol. VI, p. 167. ↩
Commons’ Journals, March 19, 1648/9, vol. VI, pp. 201, 374, 416, 481; vol. VII, p. 127. ↩
Samuel Hartlib, London’s Charity Inlarged, 1650, p. i. ↩
Hartlib, London’s Charity Inlarged, 1650, p. i. ↩
Firth and Rait, Acts and Ordinances of the Interregnum, 1911, vol. II, pp. 104–10. An ordinance creating a corporation had been passed Dec. 17, 1647 (ibid., vol. I, pp. 1042–5). ↩
Firth and Rait, Acts and Ordinances of the Interregnum, 1911, vol. II, pp. 1098–9. ↩
Stockwood, at Paul’s Cross, 1578 (quoted by Haweis, Sketches of the Reformation, p. 277). ↩
Richard Steele, The Tradesman’s Calling, Being a Discourse Concerning the Nature, Necessity, Choice, etc., of a Calling in General, 1684, p. 22. ↩
R. Younge, The Poores’ Advocate, 1654 (Thomason Tracts, E. 1452 [3]), p. 6. ↩
For these and other passages from Restoration economists to the same effect, see a striking article by Dr. T. E. Gregory on The Economics of Employment in England (1660–1713) in Economica, no. I, Jan., 1921, pp. 37 seqq., and E. S. Furniss, The Position of the Labourer in a System of Nationalism, 1920, chaps. V, VI. ↩
Das Kommunistische Manifest, 1918 ed., pp. 27–8: “Die Bourgeoisie, wo sie zur Herrschaft gekommen, hat alle feudalen, patriarchalischen, idyllischen verhältnisse zerstört. Sie hat die buntscheckigen Feudalbande, die den Menschen an seinen natürlichen Vorgesetzten knüpften, unbarmherzig zerrissen, und kein anderes Band zwischen Mensch und Mensch übrig gelassen, als das nackte Interesse, als die gefühllose bare Zahlung.” ↩
Defoe, Giving Alms No Charity, 1704, pp. 25–7. ↩
Petty, Political Arithmetic, p. 45. ↩
Sir Henry Pollexfen, Discourse of Trade, 1697, p. 49; Walter Harris, Remarks on the Affairs and Trade of England and Ireland, 1691, pp. 43–4; “The Querist,” 1737 (in The Works of George Berkeley, D.D., ed. A. C. Fraser, 1871, p. 387); Thomas Alcock, Observations on the Defects of the Poor Laws, 1752, pp. 45 seqq. (quoted Furniss, The Position of the Labourer in a System of Nationalism, 1920, chaps. V, VI, p. 153). ↩
Arthur Young, Eastern Tour, 1771, vol. IV, p. 361. ↩
Harrison, The Description of Britaine, 1587 ed., bk. II, chap. X, Of Provision
