Escape from Camp 14

California Press, 2008), 129.

29

Barbara Demick, Nothing to Envy (New York: Spiegel & Grau, 2009), 159– 72.

30

Human Rights Watch, ‘Harsher Policies Against Border-Crossers’ (March 2007).

31

Lankov, North of the DMZ, 183.

32

Author interview in Seoul with officials from Good Friends, a Buddhist non-profit organization with informants based inside North Korea.

33

Chang et al, ‘Migration Experiences of North Korean Refugees’, 9.

34

Demick, Nothing to Envy, 163.

35

Rimjin-gang: News from Inside North Korea, edited by Jiro Ishimaru (Osaka: AsiaPress International, 2010), 11–15.

36

United Nations International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Article 12 (2), http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/ccpr.htm.

37

Lee Gwang Baek, ‘Impact of Radio Broadcasts in North Korea’, speech at International Conference on Human Rights, 1 November 2010, http://www.ned.org/events/north-koreas-shifting-political-landscape/gwang-baek- lee.

38

Peter M. Beck, ‘North Korea’s Radio Waves of Resistance,’ Wall Street Journal (April 16, 2010).

39

Choe Sang-hun, ‘Born and Raised in a North Korean Gulag’, International Herald Tribune (9 July 2007).

40

Blaine Harden, ‘North Korean Prison Camp Escapee Tells of Horrors’, Washington Post (11 December 2008), 1. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp- dyn/content/article/2008/12/10/AR2008121003855.html.

41

Suh Jae-jean, ‘North Korean Defectors: Their Adaptation and Resettlement’, East Asian Review 14, no. 3 (Autumn 2002), 77.

42

Donald Kirk, ‘North Korean Defector Speaks Out’, Christian Science Monitor (6 November 2007).